The First and Second Moments of Some Probability Distributions Arising From Points on a Lattice and Their Application

The spatial pattern of Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850)(Crustacea: Ostracoda)

“…It is a clear disadvantage in the application of the negative binomial distribution (and other similar distributions) that the spatial location of the samples cannot be taken into account, thus ignoring important information available from data from regular sampling designs. To determine the position of the aggregations we used a method originally described by Iyer (1949), which has also recently been used by Jumars (1975) to analyse spatial dispersion of deep-sea benthos. In this method the cells of the grid are divided in two classes, those with density higher than a central value (we used the mean) and those with density lower than that central value.…”

What Were We Thinking?

“…The spatial statistics literature at that time was extremely sparse; most of the few articles on the subject dealt with testing hypotheses of randomness in spatial arrays. Moran (1948) and Krishna Iyer (1949) dealt with join count statistics, whereas Moran (1950) and Geary (1954) considered tests for interval-scaled data using binary weights. Building upon his ground-breaking work in time series, Peter Whittle (1954Whittle ( , 1963 had developed the theory for a spatial autoregressive model on a regular lattice.…”

Dualistic Theory and Spatial Development in an Ex‐colonial Territory

“…In the case of the join count model, the expectations and variances of the BB, BW and WW joins2are computed under two assumptions: free sampling (sampling with replacement) and non-free sampling (sampiing without replacement) (Cliff & Ord, 1970. The equations for obtaining these expectations and variances are given in Moran (1948Moran ( , 1950 Krishna Iyer (1949), Dacey (1965), Cliff and Ord (1973) and Forde (1968). For the I and C statistics, the I For example, community involvement in.development (variable 9) which is a measure of community ties and identity is usually much stronger in rural and traditional areas.…”