The first appearance of Rodlet cells in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) ontogeny and their possible roles during stress and parasite infection

Mazon, A.F.; Huising, Mark O.; Taverne-Thiele, Anja J.; Bastiaans, Jacqueline; Kemenade, B.M.L. Verburg-van

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2006.03.012

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…An interesting finding was the initial increase in the amount of both rodlet and goblet cells, followed by a decrease in their number in fish suffering severe infections (Vigliano et al 2004). Such cell types are accepted to be involved in fish response to different pathogens, and the modification in their relative number has been described for several fish species suffering diverse infections or parasitic diseases (Dezfuli et al 2008, Reite 2005, Mazon et al 2007, Fleurance et al 2008. The low number of mucous and rodlet cells found in fish with severe infections may simply be attributed to the serious damage of the epithelium, which becomes unable to support these cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and electron microscopic studies on turbot Psetta maxima infected with Enteromyxum scophthalmi: histopathology of turbot enteromyxosis

Bermúdez¹,

Losada²,

Vázquez³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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In the last decade, a new parasite that causes severe losses has been detected in farmed turbot Psetta maxima (L.), in north-western Spain. The parasite was classified as a myxosporean and named Enteromyxum scophthalmi. The aim of this study was to characterize the main histological changes that occur in E. scophthalmi-infected turbot. The parasite provoked catarrhal enteritis, and the intensity of the lesions was correlated with the progression of the infection and with the development of the parasite. Infected fish were classified into 3 groups, according to the lesional degree they showed (slight, moderate and severe infections). In fish with slight infections, early parasitic stages were observed populating the epithelial lining of the digestive tract, without eliciting an evident host response. As the disease progressed, catarrhal enteritis was observed, the digestive epithelium showed a typical scalloped shape and the number of both goblet and rodlet cells was increased. Fish with severe infections suffered desquamation of the epithelium, with the subsequent release of parasitic forms to the lumen. The dislodged enterocytes underwent anoikis, a mode of apoptosis triggered by the loss of anchorage, which might facilitate spreading of the parasite. Lymphohaematopoietic depletion was also observed, mainly in head kidney and spleen, which could contribute to the high virulence of this parasite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and electron microscopic studies on turbot Psetta maxima infected with Enteromyxum scophthalmi: histopathology of turbot enteromyxosis

Bermúdez¹,

Losada²,

Vázquez³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…The role of RCs as teleost inflammatory cells rarely has been studied, although some data were reported by Leino (1974Leino ( , 1979Leino ( , 1996 and Iger & Abraham (1997). Results of several investigations on fish from the wild and on farmed fish suggest that RCs represent an inflammatory cell type closely linked to other piscine inflammatory cells, such as mast cells (Dezfuli et al, 1998(Dezfuli et al, , 2000b(Dezfuli et al, , 2003a(Dezfuli et al, , 2007aManera et al, 2001;Manera & Dezfuli, 2004;Mazon et al, 2007;Reite & Evensen, 2006). Regarding fish mast cells called also eosinophilic granule cells, their presence has been area of controversy during last decades, despite the fact that early reviews of the mast cells literature left little doubt that this cell type was present in all classes of vertebrates (Reite & Evensen, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inflammatory response of fish to helminth parasites

Dezfuli¹,

Lui²,

Boldrini

et al. 2008

Parasite

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Summary :Fish serve as a good model for studying vertebrate immune systems because they have a relatively simple system. Descriptions of histopathological effects of helminth parasites on fish are few and far between with limited observations made on the identification of the inflammatory cells involved in the host reaction. Recently, two cell types found within teleosts received a great deal of attention, namely mast cells and rodlet cells. Fish mast cells also known as eosinophilic granule cells, are morphologically and functionally similar to their mammalian counterparts. Acute tissue damage causes mast cells degranulation and the release of mediators of inflammation, whereas, an increase in the number of these cells is usually found in chronically inflamed tissues. Rodlet cells, however, are exclusive to fish and are characterized by a distinct cell cortex and conspicuous inclusions, called rodlets, which accounts for their name. Piscidin has also been encountered within rodlet cells. As important cell types within the immune system of fish, both mast cells and rodlet cells have been seen to increase in number in infected fish, notably at the sites of pathogen attachment or infection. The present survey will provide data from studies with the light microscope on the response of mast cells and rodlet cells in a range of fish species (Anguilla anguilla, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo trutta, Coregonus lavaretus) infected with a range of different parasite genera including representatives from the Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala. frino et al., 1999; Dezfuli et al., 2000a Dezfuli et al., , 2002a Dezfuli et al., , b, 2003b Bosi et al., 2005). The cellular involvement in the inflammatory response in teleostean fish could be biphasic, initiating with an influx of neutrophils followed by latter arrival of monocytes/macrophages (Reite & Evensen, 2006). In fish, two inflammatory cell types, namely mast cells and rodlet cells (RCs) are closely linked to other piscine inflammatory cells (Reite, 1997; Dezfuli et al., 2000b). Mast cells are found mainly in the connective tissue distributed throughput the body, and are more frequently found in tegumentary, urinary, respiratory, reproductive and gastrointestinal systems (Rocha & Chiarini-Garcia, 2007). These cells have been noticed in all vertebrates, fish (Roberts et al., 1971;Reite, 1996), amphibians (Chiu & Lagunoff, 1972), reptiles (Sottovia-Filho & Taga, 1973), birds (Selye, 1965) and mammals (Galli, 1990; Chiarini-Garcia & Pereira, 1999). Nevertheless, there is some controversy in the literature about mast cells existence in fish despite the fact that early reviews of the mast cells left little doubt that this cell type was present in all groups of vertebrates (Reite & Evensen, 2006). In fish parasitized with helminths, greater number of mast cells was noticed in site of infection (Reite, 1997; Dezfuli et al., 2000b;Reite & Evensen, 2006). Regarding rodlet cells (RCs), they are characterized by a thick fibrous capsule, a basal nucleus, and conspicuous in...

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“…Mast cells, also known as eosinophilic granular cells (EGCs), are present in most species of teleosts and are found in a variety of tissues, including the skin, gut, gills, brain, and in the vicinity of blood vessels [244][245][246][247][248]. Mast cells may play an important role in the mechanisms of inflammatory response because they express a number of functional proteins, including antimicrobial peptides that act against a broad spectrum of pathogens [249][250][251][252][253].…”

Section: Immune Cells In Fish Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Immunological Defenses in Fish Skin

2012

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The vertebrate immune system is comprised of numerous distinct and interdependent components. Every component has its own inherent protective value, and the final combination of them is likely to be related to an animal's immunological history and evolutionary development. Vertebrate immune system consists of both systemic and mucosal immune compartments, but it is the mucosal immune system which protects the body from the first encounter of pathogens. According to anatomical location, the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, in teleost fish is subdivided into gut-, skin-, and gill-associated lymphoid tissue and most available studies focus on gut. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the current knowledge of the immunological defences present in skin mucosa as a very important part of the fish immune system, serving as an anatomical and physiological barrier against external hazards. Interest in defence mechanism of fish arises from a need to develop health management tools to support a growing finfish aquaculture industry, while at the same time addressing questions concerning origins and evolution of immunity in vertebrates. Increased knowledge of fish mucosal immune system will facilitate the development of novel vaccination strategies in fish.

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The first appearance of Rodlet cells in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) ontogeny and their possible roles during stress and parasite infection

Cited by 53 publications

References 45 publications

Light and electron microscopic studies on turbot Psetta maxima infected with Enteromyxum scophthalmi: histopathology of turbot enteromyxosis

Light and electron microscopic studies on turbot Psetta maxima infected with Enteromyxum scophthalmi: histopathology of turbot enteromyxosis

The inflammatory response of fish to helminth parasites

An Overview of the Immunological Defenses in Fish Skin

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