Coptis omeiensis, as an important Chinese medicinal plant, has been endangered because of overharvesting. To better understand and protect this species, we report the first complete chloroplast genome sequence of C. omeiensis. The chloroplast genome was found to be 154,684 bp in length, and GC content was 38.2%, with large and small single copy regions (LSC with 85,099 bp and SSC with 17,239 bp in length) separated by two Inverted repeat regions (IRs with 26,173 bp). Meanwhile, the sequence contained 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding, 30 tRNA, and 4 rRNA genes. The phylogeny of Ranunculaceae based on the complete cp genomes of 27 related taxa was also presented in this study.