The first detection of Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype in cattle in Japan

Abstract

The general perception is that cattle are major reservoirs for Cryptosporidium parvum infections in humans and that C. parvum is a major cause of diarrhea and production loss in cattle. Adult cattle may play an important role as cryptic carrier of the infection. Cryptosporidium spp. in asymptomatic adult dairy cattle from some farms around Osaki area, Miyagi prefecture, Japan, was examined on a field visit during August, 2007, by polymerase chain reaction techniques for detection, genotyping, and subtyping. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in the feces of five out of 50 animals. Of the five Cryptosporidium-positive specimens available for molecular analysis, C. parvum was identified in three specimens, Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype in one, and Cryptosporidium andersoni in one specimen. Amplification of Cpgp60 from C. andersoni and Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype samples revealed that these samples have light concurrent C. parvum infection. Sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein gene indicated that all C. parvum samples are IIa subtype. Detection of Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype is geographically unique in Japan. The genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle in Japan may be much greater than that reported before.

Molecular Characterization of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Isolates from Calves in Ishikari District, Hokkaido, Japan

“…andersoni is also a major species detected in cattle, especially post-weaned or adults [24]. There are several studies on C. andersoni detected in cattle in Japan [2,11,14,16,17,20,26]. Here, we did not detect this species, perhaps because we only sampled from calves.…”

“…In Hyogo Prefecture, 93% of calves were reported to pass C. parvum oocysts [28]. Oocysts of this species have previously been isolated from cattle in many areas in Japan [1,2,13,22,33]. Here, the zoonotic species, C. parvum, was observed.…”

“…For this reason, in Japan, these species have been described in only three studies. In Japan, C. ryanae was first detected from adult dairy cattle in Miyagi Prefecture [2], and C. bovis was first detected from pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in Hokkaido [13]. These studies showed only a single case infected with these species.…”

Cryptosporidiumspecies in Australian wildlife and domestic animals

“…Cryptosporidium ubiquitum, the deer genotype, C. parvum and a C. hominis-like genotype have been reported in wild deer (cf. Amer et al 2009;Jellison et al 2009;Feng, 2010).…”

First Detection of Cryptosporidium baileyi in Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea) in China

“…Samples were screened for Cryptosporidium oocysts using modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining [3] and positive samples were processed for DNA extraction within 48 hr of sample collection. Oocysts were concentrated as formerly described [2] and total DNA was extracted from the concentrates using a QIAmp DNA Stool Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) kit according to manufacture's instructions.…”