The first human case of babesiosis mimicking Reiter's syndrome

Střížová, Zuzana; Havlová, K.; Pátek, Ondřej; Smrž, Daniel; Bartůňková, Jiřina

doi:10.14411/fp.2020.031

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Recently, babesiosis was diagnosed and successfully treated in a patient initially diagnosed with Reiter’s syndrome because of symptoms corresponding to the classic triad of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and non-specific urethritis [ 94 ]. This was also the first suspected case of post-transfusion babesiosis, as the patient, a 36-year-old male who had experienced a motorcycle accident with consequent severe polytrauma, received repeated blood transfusions.…”

Section: Central Europementioning

confidence: 99%

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Babesiosis in Southeastern, Central and Northeastern Europe: An Emerging and Re-Emerging Tick-Borne Disease of Humans and Animals

Bajer

Beck

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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There is now considerable evidence that in Europe, babesiosis is an emerging infectious disease, with some of the causative species spreading as a consequence of the increasing range of their tick vector hosts. In this review, we summarize both the historic records and recent findings on the occurrence and incidence of babesiosis in 20 European countries located in southeastern Europe (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia), central Europe (Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Switzerland), and northern and northeastern Europe (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Iceland, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and Norway), identified in humans and selected species of domesticated animals (cats, dogs, horses, and cattle). Recorded cases of human babesiosis are still rare, but their number is expected to rise in the coming years. This is because of the widespread and longer seasonal activity of Ixodes ricinus as a result of climate change and because of the more extensive use of better molecular diagnostic methods. Bovine babesiosis has a re-emerging potential because of the likely loss of herd immunity, while canine babesiosis is rapidly expanding in central and northeastern Europe, its occurrence correlating with the rapid, successful expansion of the ornate dog tick (Dermacentor reticulatus) populations in Europe. Taken together, our analysis of the available reports shows clear evidence of an increasing annual incidence of babesiosis across Europe in both humans and animals that is changing in line with similar increases in the incidence of other tick-borne diseases. This situation is of major concern, and we recommend more extensive and frequent, standardized monitoring using a “One Health” approach.

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Section: Central Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed mild splenomegaly and slight hepatomegaly, with normal echogenicity and without focal changes in the parenchyma. The diagnosis of babesiosis due to B. microti was made by an immunoassay, the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT, ELISPOT) [ 94 ].…”

Section: Central Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Babesiosis in Southeastern, Central and Northeastern Europe: An Emerging and Re-Emerging Tick-Borne Disease of Humans and Animals

Bajer

Beck

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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“…Six months later he presented with possible Reiter’s syndrome consisting of arthritis, conjunctivitis and urethritis. The diagnosis of human babesiosis caused by B. microti mimicking Reiter’s syndrome was performed only based on apparent positive microscopy and the lymphocyte transformation test, which has not been evaluated for its sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of babesiosis [ 110 ]. Again, it is important to stress that the parasite is difficult to identify using microscopy alone, particularly if parasitemia is low, and confusion with platelets of staining artefacts is common (further discussed in Section 6 ).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Babesiosis in Europe

et al. 2021

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Babesiosis is attracting increasing attention as a worldwide emerging zoonosis. The first case of human babesiosis in Europe was described in the late 1950s and since then more than 60 cases have been reported in Europe. While the disease is relatively rare in Europe, it is significant because the majority of cases present as life-threatening fulminant infections, mainly in immunocompromised patients. Although appearing clinically similar to human babesiosis elsewhere, particularly in the USA, most European forms of the disease are distinct entities, especially concerning epidemiology, human susceptibility to infection and clinical management. This paper describes the history of the disease and reviews all published cases that have occurred in Europe with regard to the identity and genetic characteristics of the etiological agents, pathogenesis, aspects of epidemiology including the eco-epidemiology of the vectors, the clinical courses of infection, diagnostic tools and clinical management and treatment.

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“…The minimal numbers were 20,549 if all CDC cases were included in CMS for the years 2011-2013. Australia Australia 1 (Bm); 1 (Bdu) [20,21] Europe Austria 1 (Bm); 2 (Bv) [22][23][24] Belgium 1 (Bm) [25] British Isles 6 (Bd) [25] Czech 1 (Bm) [26] Croatia 1 (others) [25] Finland 1 (Bd) [27] France 11 (Bd), 2 (others) [25,28] Germany 1 (Bm); 1 (Bv) [29,30] Italy 1 (Bv) [23] Norway 1 (Bd) [31] Poland 1 (Bm) [25] Russia 1 (Bd) [32] Slovenia 1 (Bc) [33] Spain 2 (Bd); 1 (Bm); 2 (others) [25,34- Babesia duncani, the former Babesia sp., WA1, was a new species found in humans in the Western USA, predominantly in Washington and California. So far, a total of 14 human babesiosis cases caused by B. duncani have been reported in the USA, all of them in western states [43].…”

Section: Geographical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Human Babesiosis with “Ground Zero” in North America

et al. 2021

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The first case of human babesiosis was reported in the literature in 1957. The clinical disease has sporadically occurred as rare case reports in North America and Europe in the subsequent decades. Since the new millennium, especially in the last decade, many more cases have apparently appeared not only in these regions but also in Asia, South America, and Africa. More than 20,000 cases of human babesiosis have been reported in North America alone. In several cross-sectional surveys, exposure to Babesia spp. has been demonstrated within urban and rural human populations with clinical babesiosis reported in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans. This review serves to highlight the widespread distribution of these tick-borne pathogens in humans, their tick vectors in readily accessible environments such as parks and recreational areas, and their phylogenetic relationships.

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The first human case of babesiosis mimicking Reiter's syndrome

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Babesiosis in Southeastern, Central and Northeastern Europe: An Emerging and Re-Emerging Tick-Borne Disease of Humans and Animals

Babesiosis in Southeastern, Central and Northeastern Europe: An Emerging and Re-Emerging Tick-Borne Disease of Humans and Animals

Human Babesiosis in Europe

Emerging Human Babesiosis with “Ground Zero” in North America

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