The first human report of Hyphopichia burtonii, initially misdiagnosed as sterile peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis

Abstract

This is the first human infection caused by Hyphopichia burtonii , resulting in peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis initially diagnosed as sterile peritonitis, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. This pathogen posed a challenging diagnosis, causing low-grade peritonitis and difficulty to culture with standard bacterial broth. Moreover, automated platforms for pathogenic yeast identification could not specify the species, but broad-range PCR targeting rDNA followed by DNA sequencing successfully solved the etiology.

DNA metabarcoding analysis of fungal community on surface of four root herbs

“…C. sake , a commonly pathogenic fungus, had a close relationship with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ( Hoegl, Schönian, Ollert, & Korting, 1998 ). H. burtonii could cause the peritonitis reported by ( Chamroensakchai et al, 2021 ). M. globose and M. restricta were the major contributors of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis ( Dawson, 2007 , Koga et al, 2020 ).…”

The Flo Adhesin Family

“…It has been reported causing cutaneous infection in Barbastelle bats [340]. Recently, the first human infection caused by H. burtonii, resulting in peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis initially diagnosed as sterile peritonitis, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment [341]. We found one Flo11-type adhesin that contains one Flo11 domain in the N-terminal region of the protein as well as one flocculin type 3 repeats, in the Pfam database (Table 3).…”

Intraluminal catheter colonisation: A clue for establishing the microbiologic diagnosis of peritoneal dialysis-related fungal peritonitis

“…Thus, the 2022 International Society for PD (ISPD) peritonitis guidelines recommend 'immediate catheter removal when fungi are identified in PDE (1C)' 1 ; however, PDE culture has low sensitivity in detecting environmental moulds, as demonstrated in our case, and is frequently time-consuming. 5,6 Detection of dark particles inside the PD catheter was the primary clue for establishing the microbiologic diagnosis and management in our case.…”