The first mitochondrial genome of Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854 (Sessilia: Balanidae) and molecular phylogeny within Cirripedia

Abstract

The triangle barnacle Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854, a cosmopolitan inhabitant of tropical and warm temperate seas, is a member of robust system for the study of evolutionary processes in the intertidal zone. The first mitochondrial genome of B. trigonus is presented. The complete mitochondrial genome of B. trigonus is a circular molecule of 15,560 bp, which encodes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes. In comparison within Sessilia, the arrangement of the mitochondrial genome of B. trigonus is more similar to Megabalanus spp. than the congener Balanus balanus, which share a same inversion of a large gene block (P-nd4L-nd4-H-nd5-F). Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial PCGs reveals that B. trigonus clusters with Acasta Sulcata (BP ¼ 100), then grouped with Megabalanus volcano and Megabalanus ajax with high support (BP ¼ 90). In further, more data and research are needed to reveal the phylogeny within Cirripedia.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the European common barnacle Perforatus perforatus Bruguière, 1789 (balanomorpha: balanidae)

“…Red dots indicate the species with an inverted sequence block ( trnP - ND4L - ND4 - trnH - ND5 - trnF ) between trnS (gct) and trnT . The following sequences were used: Acasta sulcate KJ754818 (Unpublished); Balanus trigonus MW646099 (Liu et al 2021 ); P erforatus perforatus OR327030 (This study); Megabalanus tintinnabulum MN481499 (Feng et al 2019 ); Megabalanus ajax KF501046 (Shen et al 2016 ); Megabalanus volcano AB167539 (Unpublished); Megabalanus coccopoma OK631889 (Zhang et al. 2023 ); Semibalanus cariosus MT528637 (Nunez et al 2021 ); Semibalanus balanoides MT528636 (Nunez et al 2021 ); Balanus balanus KM660676 (Shen et al 2016 ); Pyrgopsella youngi MN615273 (Unpublished); Nobia grandis KF720334 (Shen et al 2016 ); Armatobalanus allium KJ754817 (Unpublished); Amphibalanus amphitrite KF493890 (Shen et al 2015 ); Fistulobalanus albicostatus MK617531 (Song et al 2020 ); Striatobalanus amaryllis KF493890 (Tsang et al 2015 ); Eochionelasmus coreana MT491209 (Lee et al 2021 ); and Eochionelasmus ohtai MF939636 (Kim et al 2017 ).…”