The first nation-wide assessment identifies valuable blue‑carbon seagrass habitat in Indonesia is in moderate condition

Hernawan, Udhi Eko; Rahmawati, Susi; Ambo‐Rappe, Rohani; Sjafrie, Nurul Dhewani Mirah; Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto; Yusup, Deny Suhernawan; Nugraha, Aditya Hikmat; Nafie, Yayu A. La; Adi, Wahyu; Prayudha, Bayu; Irawan, Andri; Rahayu, Yusmiana Puspitaningsih; Ningsih, Ermi; Riniatsih, Ita; Supriyadi, Indarto Happy; McMahon, Kathryn

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146818

Cited by 42 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Some studies explicitly address their carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation [2,3,62]. Other studies address specifically carbon stock [12,50,56] or ecosystem health and quality [63,64]. The present study also recorded 53 local assessments of seagrass carbon stock and sequestration.…”

Section: Are the Available Data Sufficient For Developing A Tier 3 Carbon Inventory?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Country-specific emission factor for developing a tier 3 system of Indonesia’s seagrass carbon inventory

Wahyudi¹,

Febriani²

2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Climate action regarding carbon inventory requires baseline assessment, data regarding annual changes, and evaluation of reductions in carbon emissions. However, many studies of seagrass ecosystems have focused only on carbon stock and sequestration, neglecting the importance of the carbon emission factor. It is known that emission factors for land-use change, including those in seagrass ecosystems, can be derived from biomass and sediment carbon stock. Since currently Indonesia only has data for biomass carbon stock, we propose the measurement of province-based emission factors. This study combines the available carbon stock data reported in national or international publications and conducts a meta-analysis to obtain emission factor values. The results show that the biomass standing carbon stock of Indonesia’s seagrass meadows ranges from 0.30 tC/ha (i.e., Special Region of Yogyakarta) to 16.51 tC/ha (i.e., Gorontalo province), while emission factor ranges from 0.012 tC/ha/yr to 0.661 tC/ha/yr (equal to 0.05 t CO2/ha/yr to 2.42 t CO2/ha/yr). These findings will be beneficial for developing Tier 3 carbon inventory since they allow country-specific emission factor for the seagrass ecosystem to be measured.

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Section: Are the Available Data Sufficient For Developing A Tier 3 Carbon Inventory?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Country-specific emission factor for developing a tier 3 system of Indonesia’s seagrass carbon inventory

Wahyudi¹,

Febriani²

2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Based on these characteristics, the presence of these seagrass species is probably not supported by environmental conditions. Another difference is the discovery of the seagrass species Thalassodendron ciliatum that lives in rock fragments as a substrate and is located between the border of the seagrass ecosystem and the coral reef ecosystem (Hernawan et al 2021). This species has limited distribution in Indonesian waters (Sjafrie et al 2018).…”

Section: Seagrass Species Diversity and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, these two species of seagrass are key species in the Indo-Pacific region (Waycott 2011;Kilminster et al 2015). T. hemprichii is a very dominant type of seagrass found in Indonesian waters, with a high distribution rate from east to west Indonesia (Hernawan et al 2021).…”

Section: Seagrass Species Diversity and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourteen species of seagrasses occur in Indonesian waters, including Cymodocea rotundata, C. serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis, Halophila decipiens, H. minor, H. ovalis, H. spinulosa, H. sulawesii, H major, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassia hemprichii, and Thalassodendron ciliatum, while 2 species are found in the herbarium collections, namely H. beccarii and Ruppia maritima (Sjafrie et al 2018;Kurniawan et al 2020). Until 2017, the area of seagrass beds in Indonesian waters had an extent of 293.464 hectares (Sjafrie et al 2018) with most of them in moderate condition (Hernawan et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity, coverage, distribution and ecosystem services of seagrass in three small islands of northern Papua, Indonesia: Liki Island, Meossu Island and Befondi Island

Nugraha

Tasabaramo

Hernawan³

et al. 2021

Biodiversitas

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Nugraha AH, Tasabaramo IA, Hernawan UE, Rahmawati S, Putra RD, Darus RF. 2021. Diversity, coverage, distribution and ecosystem services of seagrass in three small islands of northern Papua, Indonesia: Liki Island, Meossu Island and Befondi Island. Biodiversitas 22: 5544-5549. Papua waters are one of the hot spot areas with high marine biodiversity in the world. Yet, the less accessible location and varying geographical conditions become the significant constraints of biodiversity study in this region, resulting in limited information about the diversity of marine resources, including the seagrass ecosystem. This research aims to investigate the diversity, coverage and distribution of seagrass in three small islands in the northern waters of Papua, namely Liki Island, Befondi Island, and Meossu Island, as well as to study the ecosystem services provided by the seagrass. This research is part of the Nusa Manggala Expedition, which was carried out in November 2018, consisted of seven observation stations. Data collection was conducted using the transect line method combined with plot quadrat. Information regarding seagrass ecosystem services was gathered through observation and direct interviews to the community. The results showed that there were seven species of seagrass in the studied sites, namely Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, and Syringodium isoetifolium. Liki Island had the highest seagrass cover value of 82.24%, followed by Meossu Island and Befondi Island with seagrass cover of 63.23% and 31.25%, respectively. There were 13 seagrass ecosystem services identified in this research. The people of Liki Island and Meossu Island get the benefits of the existence of the seagrass ecosystem. The direct benefits are the presence of seagrass is associated with biota commonly used as food sources such as Siganus sp and sea cucumbers. There are efforts made by the community to maintain the sustainability of the seagrass ecosystem, which is known as sasi.

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“…Indonesia had a seagrass area of about 293,464 hectares in 2018 and reported 16 species [4]. Seagrass plays an essential role in a coastal area such as marine habitat [5], sediment trap, sediment stabilizer, nutrients filter, and dampen current [6,7]. Furthermore, seagrasses provide ecosystem services such as provisioning (nursery and feeding grounds for fish, food), regulating (coastal protection), cultural (recreation, aesthetic, and spiritual), and supporting services (biodiversity, primary production) [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seagrass rehabilitation in Thousand Islands, Jakarta: step to restore

Darus

Agus

Kurniawan

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Seagrass plays an essential role in coastal areas with ecological functions as a marine habitat, sediment trap, sediment stabilizer, nutrients filter, and dampen current. Fisheries and tourism are the seagrass ecosystem services that are the primary community livelihood in Thousand Island. However, seagrass condition has decreased in the last decade, influenced by coastal development, mass tourism, and climate change. This study aims to assessed the seagrass status and identify the threat in the last decade. Seagrass coverage was assessed in 2007 and 2018 using plot transect, and then seagrass threats were documented and collected from research articles, manuscripts, proceedings, and unpublished reports. Seagrass coverage has significantly decreased on Thousand Islands. Seagrass threats include pollution, reclamation, vessel activities, mass tourism, coastal development, climate change, and biotic factors (macroalgae and epiphyte coverage). The threats impact seagrass conditions, such as species diversity, area, and ecosystem services. Rehabilitation is needed to recover seagrass conditions using a direct or indirect approach. These findings recommend that managers should arrange the seagrass rehabilitation action plan to minimize seagrass degradation.

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The first nation-wide assessment identifies valuable blue‑carbon seagrass habitat in Indonesia is in moderate condition

Cited by 42 publications

References 80 publications

Country-specific emission factor for developing a tier 3 system of Indonesia’s seagrass carbon inventory

Country-specific emission factor for developing a tier 3 system of Indonesia’s seagrass carbon inventory

Diversity, coverage, distribution and ecosystem services of seagrass in three small islands of northern Papua, Indonesia: Liki Island, Meossu Island and Befondi Island

Seagrass rehabilitation in Thousand Islands, Jakarta: step to restore

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