The First Peopling of South America: New Evidence from Y-Chromosome Haplogroup Q

Battaglia, Vincenza; Grugni, Viola; Perego, Ugo A.; Angerhofer, Norman; Gomez-Palmieri, J. Edgar; Woodward, Scott R.; Achilli, Alessandro; Myres, Natalie M.; Torroni, Antonio; Semino, Ornella

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071390

Cited by 87 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…These findings are in agreement with previous reports (Battaglia et al, 2013;Sandoval et al 2012;Schurr et al 2012). Furthermore, the highest frequency of QM3 in relation to QL54 is congruent, given that QM3 exhibits a clinal distribution southward Nonetheless, deeper genetic studies should be carried out given that 15 Y-STRs are not enough to support this finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Genetic Analysis of 17 Y-STRs in a Mestizo Population from the Central Valley of Mexico

Santana¹,

Noris²,

Meraz-Ríos³

et al. 2014

Human Biology

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This study aims to portray the complex diversity of the Mexican Mestizo population, which represents 98.8% of the entire population of Mexico. We compiled extended haplotype data of the Y chromosome from populations in the Central Valley of Mexico (CVM), which were compared to other Mestizo and parental (Amerindian, European and African) populations. A complex ancestral relationship was found in the CVM population, suggesting cosmopolitan origins.Nevertheless, the most preeminent lineages point towards a European ancestry, where the R1b was the most frequent. In addition, important frequencies of Amerindian linages were also found in the Mestizo sample studied. Interestingly, the Amerindian ancestry showed a remarkable substructure, which was represented by the two main founding lineages: QL54 (x M3) and M3. However, even within each lineage a high diversity was found despite the small number of samples bearers of these lineages. Further, we detected important genetic differences between the CVM populations and the Mexican Mestizo populations from the north and south. This result points to the fact that Mestizo populations present different ancestral proportions, which are related to the demographic events that gave origin to each population. Finally, we provide additional forensic statistical parameters that are useful in the interpretation of genetic analysis where autosomal loci are limited. Our findings illustrate the complex genetic background 3 of the Mexican Mestizo population and reinforce the need to encompass more geographic regions to generate more robust data for forensic applications. Materials and Methods Population of studyBlood samples were collected from 231 unrelated men belonging to the Mexican Mestizo population having at least three generations of ancestors born in Mexico.The studied population was recruited from Mestizos living in the Central Valley of the country (North-Central and East-Central regions) (Figure 1). This population included 121 men from Querétaro and 63 men from Guanajuato (North-Central region), as well as 47 men from Puebla (East-Central region). 7Each individual signed an informed consent validated by the Ethics Committee of the Bimodi's Research Unit. In addition, genealogical data were also obtained from each person to ensure that the individuals were unrelated through at least three generations. Molecular Analysis Y-chromosome haplotypingGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using Qiamp Statistical and phylogenetic analysis8 Population genetics parametersAllele and haplotype frequencies, number of alleles (k), haplotype diversity (HD), genetic diversity over loci (h), and mean pairwise differences were estimated using Arlequin v. 3.5 software (Excoffie et al. 2010). Number of unique haplotypes (nuh) was estimated by direct counting. The following forensic parameters were determined: discrimination capacity (DC) was calculated by the expression: DC=h/n, where "h" is the total number of different haplotypes and "n"is the total number of i...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Genetic Analysis of 17 Y-STRs in a Mestizo Population from the Central Valley of Mexico

Santana¹,

Noris²,

Meraz-Ríos³

et al. 2014

Human Biology

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“…This sample (Cadet-1) was assigned to the Q-M3 paragroup. Today, this haplogroup is most commonly found among Native American populations and widespread throughout the Americas [40,41].…”

Section: (C) Y-chromosome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Where are the Caribs? Ancient DNA from ceramic period human remains in the Lesser Antilles

Mendisco

Pémonge

Leblay

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The identity and history of the indigenous groups who occupied the Lesser Antilles during the ceramic periods remain highly controversial. Although recent archaeological evidence has challenged hypotheses concerning the organization of human groups in this region, more biological data are needed to fully inform the discussion. Our study provides, to our knowledge, the first palaeogenetic data for Late Ceramic groups of the Guadeloupe archipelago, yielding crucial information concerning the identities of these groups. Despite the generally poor DNA preservation in the tested remains, we were able to retrieve Hypervariable Region 1 sequences from 11 individuals and mitochondrial single-nucleotide polymorphisms from 13 individuals. These novel data provide interesting preliminary results in favour of a common origin for all Saladoid Caribbean communities, i.e. the first ceramic groups of the region, as well as for a local continuity between the Saladoid and post-Saladoid groups. A combination of the genetic data obtained and several pieces of cultural evidence allows us to propose that two different groups inhabited the Guadeloupe archipelago during the Late Ceramic period, with the possible occupation of the La Désirade and Marie-Galante islands by groups affiliated with the Taíno communities. The working hypotheses proposed here appear consistent with recent archaeological evidence.

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“…Eighteen out of the 22 male individuals belonged to the most frequent haplogroup within Amerindian populations, Q-M3 (Battaglia et al, 2013). The remaining three individuals were associated with the haplogroup Q-M346 (Q1a2).…”

Section: Y-chromosome Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of a Late Prehispanic Group of the Quebrada de Humahuaca, Northwestern Argentina

Mendisco

Keyser

Seldes

et al. 2014

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryThis palaeogenetic study focused on the analysis of a late prehispanic Argentinean group from the Humahuaca valley, with the main aim of reconstructing its (micro)evolutionary history. The Humahuaca valley, a natural passageway from the eastern plains to the highlands, was the living environment of Andean societies whose cultural but especially biological diversity is still poorly understood. We analyzed the DNA extracted from 39 individuals who populated this upper valley during the Regional Development period (RDP) (between the 11th and 15th centuries CE), to determine their maternal and paternal genetic ancestry. Some mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal haplotypes specific to the Andean region are consistent with an origin in the highlands of Central Andes. On the other hand, a significant genetic affinity with contemporary admixed communities of the Chaco area was detected. Expectedly, recent demographic events, such as the expansion of the Inca Empire or the European colonization, have changed the original mitochondrial gene pool of the ancient Humahuaca Valley community. Finally, we identified a particular geographical organization of the prehispanic populations of Northwestern Argentina. Our results suggest that the communities of the region were divided between two different spheres of interaction, which is consistent with assumptions made by means of craniometric traits.

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The First Peopling of South America: New Evidence from Y-Chromosome Haplogroup Q

Cited by 87 publications

References 85 publications

Genetic Analysis of 17 Y-STRs in a Mestizo Population from the Central Valley of Mexico

Genetic Analysis of 17 Y-STRs in a Mestizo Population from the Central Valley of Mexico

Where are the Caribs? Ancient DNA from ceramic period human remains in the Lesser Antilles

Genetic Diversity of a Late Prehispanic Group of the Quebrada de Humahuaca, Northwestern Argentina

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