The First Report on the Application of ISSR Markers in Genetic Variance Detection among Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) Accession in North Maluku Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a leguminous plant with several potential health benefits. The scientific name is derived from its origin on Ternate Island, North Maluku. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the genetic variability in butterfly pea using Intergenic Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers in North Maluku. Field surveys, collection trips, and habitat studies of butterfly pea plants were conducted on Ternate, Tidore, Halmahera, and Morotai Islands. Genetic diversity was analyzed based on molecular data from the ISSR method. The molecular analysis results obtained using PCR-ISSR on 18 accessions showed a low degree of similarity. Among these, 15 accessions from Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, and Halmahera were in group A, while 3 from Ternate, Tidore, and Halmahera were in group B. All accessions exhibited a genetic similarity level of 0.709, indicating significant diversity. The arrangement among accessions on the dendrogram was similar to the phylogenetic tree, showing separation and spread at 0.608–0.924 based on the Jaccard coefficient. The results suggested that C. ternatea probably originated from Ternate, and subsequently spread to Tidore, Halmahera, and Morotai due to its use as a herbal medicine and ornamental plant. This information could be used as the basis for butterfly pea conservation and cultivation activities in Indonesia, specifically in Ternate Island, North Maluku.

Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Beef Meatballs Added With Butterfly Pea Flower Powder (Clitoria ternatea L.)

“…Butterfly pea flower is well known by its various names such as Butterfly pea (English), telang flower (Java), and Mazerion Hidi from Arabic (Angriani, 2019). Genetically, butterfly pea also has high diversity (Nurhasanah et al, 2023). In addition, the yield potential of each butterfly pea accession is also different (Filio et al, 2023)-the opportunity for developing research on these plants.…”