The First Sex-Specific Molecular Marker Discovered in the Moss Pseudocalliergon trifarium

Korpelainen, Helena; Bisang, Irene; Hedenäs, Lars; Kolehmainen, Johanna

doi:10.1093/jhered/esn036

Cited by 56 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Identified Sex-Specific Marker and designed a primer pair to allow the amplification of a 159-bp portion of the female-specific DNA region Korpelainen et al (2008) Spinacia oleracea Identified a small chromosomal region co-segregating with sex determination in the species with a distance of 1.9 cM to a microsatellite marker termed SO4 Khattak et al (2006) Euphytica (2011) 177:309-334 323 …”

Section: Actinidia Chinensismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite markers: an overview of the recent progress in plants

et al. 2010

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In recent years, molecular markers have been utilized for a variety of applications including examination of genetic relationships between individuals, mapping of useful genes, construction of linkage maps, marker assisted selections and backcrosses, population genetics and phylogenetic studies. Among the available molecular markers, microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) which are tandem repeats of one to six nucleotide long DNA motifs, have gained considerable importance in plant genetics and breeding owing to many desirable genetic attributes including hypervariability, multiallelic nature, codominant inheritance, reproducibility, relative abundance, extensive genome coverage including organellar genomes, chromosome specific location and amenability to automation and high throughput genotyping. High degree of allelic variation revealed by microsatellite markers results from variation in number of repeat-motifs at a locus caused by replication slippage and/or unequal crossing-over during meiosis. In spite of limited understanding of the functions of the SSR motifs within the plant genes, SSRs are being widely utilized in plant genome analysis. Microsatellites can be developed directly from genomic DNA libraries or from libraries enriched for specific microsatellites. Alternatively, microsatellites can also be found by searching public databases such as GenBank and EMBL or through cross-species transferability. At present, EST databases are an important source of candidate genes, as these can generate markers directly associated with a trait of interest and may be transferable in close relative genera. A large number of SSR based techniques have been developed and a quantum of literature has accumulated regarding the applicability of SSRs in plant genetics and genomics. In this review we discuss the recent developments (last 4-5 years) made in plant genetics using SSR markers.

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Section: Actinidia Chinensismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite markers: an overview of the recent progress in plants

et al. 2010

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“…In S. latifolia , a gene encoding a male-specific protein is linked to the X chromosome [1]. Recently, a female-specific DNA marker has been discovered in the moss Pseudocalliergon trifarium , allowing a reliable determination of gender and sex ratio [7]. However, primary sex determining genes have not yet been identified in any dioecious plant species to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins between Male and Female Plants in Pistacia chinensis

Xiong

Shi

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Pistacia chinensis is a strict dioecious plant with male and female flowers in individuals. In China, P. chinensis is widely planted for biodiesel oil due to high oil content in seeds. In practice it requires to grow more female plants for biodiesel production. At present, there are still no reliable methods for sex determination during the long juvenile stage of this species. In order to develop protein molecular markers for sex determination in P. chinensis, proteomic approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins between male and female plants. Vegetative organs (leaf and stem) rather than reproductive organs/tissues were used for protein extraction so as to develop protein markers which can be used in siblings before flowering. Protein was extracted using a phenol-based protocol. By using two-dimensional electrophoresis, a total of 10 protein spots were found to be differentially expressed in leaf and stem between both sexes, of which 7 were successfully identified by mass spectrometry and matched to 6 functional proteins such as NB-ARC domain containing protein, light harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein, asorbate peroxidase (APX), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2, temperature-induced lipocalin (TIL) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK). The sex-related difference displayed in a tissue-specific way, especially in stem. PGK existed in high abundance in stem phloem in the female, but was almost not detected in the male; APX and two TIL species were highly abundant in the stem of male plants, while their abundance was much lower in female plants. Moreover, these abundance differences were further confirmed in individual plants. Hence, it is assumed that APX, PGK and TIL might be promising candidates to serve as protein molecular markers for sex determination in P. chinensis. Our results form the basis for a further understanding of the biochemical mechanisms of sex determination in P. chinensis.

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“…For most dioecious mosses, genetic sex determination is an assumption awaiting evidence. In recent years, molecular markers that segregate with sex have been identified in a few dioecious mosses [7,8]. The M chromosome of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha has been sequenced, and the F chromosome partially sequenced [9,10].…”

Section: (A) Sex Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic sex determination has been reported in several dioecious bryophytes [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], but information on more species would be desirable. I will assume as a working hypothesis, until contrary evidence becomes available, that there are equal numbers of male and female spores immediately after meiosis.…”

Section: (A) Female Advantagementioning

confidence: 99%

Living together and living apart: the sexual lives of bryophytes

Haig¹

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 15 to a theme issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'. Haploid gametophytes of bryophytes spread by clonal growth but mate locally, within an area defined by the range of sperm movement. Rarity of establishment from spores or vegetative competition can result in unisexual populations unable to reproduce sexually. Females typically outcompete males, probably because females expend fewer resources than males on the production of gametes. Extreme sexual dimorphism-tiny males growing as epiphytes on much larger females-has evolved many times. Haploid selfing is common in bryophytes with bisexual gametophytes, and results in completely homozygous sporophytes. Spores from these sporophytes recapitulate the genotype of their single haploid parent. This process can be considered analogous to 'asexual' reproduction with 'sexual' reproduction occurring after rare outcrossing between haploid parents. Ferns also produce bisexual haploid gametophytes but, unlike bryophytes, haploid outcrossing predominates over haploid selfing. This difference is probably related to clonal growth and vegetative competition occurring in the haploid but not the diploid phase in bryophytes, but the reverse in ferns. Ferns are thereby subject to stronger inbreeding depression than bryophytes.This article is part of the themed issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'. Sexual lives of bryophytesAnimal life histories are characterized by multicellular diploid individuals that produce haploid gametes by meiosis. Gametes are the only haploid cells of such life cycles. The life histories of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts and hornworts) are fundamentally different. Multicellular haploid gametophytes (gameteproducing plants) produce gametes by mitosis. The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm produces a zygote that develops into a short-lived multicellular diploid sporophyte (spore-producing plant) that grows attached to the maternal gametophyte on which it depends for nutrients. Sporophytes produce haploid spores by meiosis that germinate to produce new gametophytes (figure 1). Mating is restricted to the distance over which sperm can find ova, usually in the millimetre to centimetre range [1]. Clonal expansion occurs via vegetative spread of gametophytes into neighbouring space and production of gemmae (asexual propagules) that disperse gametophytic clones to new sites [2].Gametophytes of dioecious bryophytes are unisexual, producing either eggs or sperm, but not both. Males and females compete for space but require close proximity for sexual reproduction. By contrast, gametophytes of monoecious bryophytes are bisexual, able to produce both eggs and sperm. A bisexual gametophyte that fertilizes its own eggs engenders homozygous sporophytes all of whose spores are genetically identical (excepting meiotic errors and postzygotic mutations). Roughly 70% of liverworts, 60% of mosses and 40% of hornworts are dioecious [3]. Bryophyte life cycles are not only fascinating in th...

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The First Sex-Specific Molecular Marker Discovered in the Moss Pseudocalliergon trifarium

Cited by 56 publications

References 32 publications

Microsatellite markers: an overview of the recent progress in plants

Microsatellite markers: an overview of the recent progress in plants

Proteomic Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins between Male and Female Plants in Pistacia chinensis

Living together and living apart: the sexual lives of bryophytes

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