The first troglobitic Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from the karst area of Serra do Ramalho, Brazil: a threatened species

Abstract

Pseudochthonius ramalhosp. nov. is described to Gruna do Vandercir cave, in the Serra do Ramalho karst area, southwestern Bahia, Brazil. This area has an extensive limestone outcrop, with several caves, and the occurrence of potential minerals that are financially attractive for mining projects. The new species shows troglomorphic characteristics such as the depigmentation of the carapace and absence or reduction of eyes. It is a rare troglobitic species, and following the criteria of IUCN, we categorized the species as Critically Endangered – CR, IUCN criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii). According to Brazilian legislation, locations, where critically endangered species live, can be protected by law, and we consider this cave/region to be of maximal relevance for protection.

Three new species of Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe, 1832 (Araneae, Sicariidae) from Brazilian caves

“…1), are hotspots for cave-dwelling fauna (Trajano et al 2016). The Serra do Ramalho harbors a remarkable cave-dwelling fauna with several troglobitic representatives such as amphipods, amblypygids, opilionids, millipedes, isopods, pseudoscorpions, gastropods, coleopterans, planarians, fish, among others (Trajano et al 2016;Assis et al 2021). In contrast, there is no legal protection for the Serra do Ramalho karst area and in addition to the obligatory cave-dwelling fauna, this region is also important considering the troglophilic species, thus conservation actions are urgent.…”