2003
DOI: 10.1142/s0219025703001365
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The Five Independences as Natural Products

Abstract: Let [Formula: see text] be the class of all algebraic probability spaces. A "natural product" is, by definition, a map [Formula: see text] which is required to satisfy all the canonical axioms of Ben Ghorbal and Schürmann for "universal product" except for the commutativity axiom. We show that there exist only five natural products, namely tensor product, free product, Boolean product, monotone product and anti-monotone product. This means that, in a sense, there exist only five universal notions of stochastic… Show more

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Cited by 99 publications
(87 citation statements)
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“…The Boolean theory is much simpler than free probability theory, and at this point lacks its depth, primarily because of the lack of the random matrix techniques. Nevertheless, it has a number of crucial properties since it comes from a universal product; in fact, by a theorem of Speicher [Spe97] (see also [BGS02,Mur03]), Boolean, free, and classical theories are exactly the only ones which arise from universal products (respectively, Boolean, free, and tensor) which do not depend on the order of the components. A sample of work on Boolean probability theory includes [SW97,Pri01,Ora02,Fra03,KY04,Mło04,Len05,Sto05,Ber06].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Boolean theory is much simpler than free probability theory, and at this point lacks its depth, primarily because of the lack of the random matrix techniques. Nevertheless, it has a number of crucial properties since it comes from a universal product; in fact, by a theorem of Speicher [Spe97] (see also [BGS02,Mur03]), Boolean, free, and classical theories are exactly the only ones which arise from universal products (respectively, Boolean, free, and tensor) which do not depend on the order of the components. A sample of work on Boolean probability theory includes [SW97,Pri01,Ora02,Fra03,KY04,Mło04,Len05,Sto05,Ber06].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are denoted by (T) for tensor, (F) for free, and (B) for Boolean corresponding to the tensor, free and Boolean independence respectively. Recently, N. Muraki [13,14] proved that by dropping the commutativity axiom there exist five products including (T), (F) and (B), and the new monotone (M) and anti-monotone (AM) products [10,12]. In section 2 we will consider positive universal products, i.e.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Muraki 20,19 has proven that there exist only five universal notions of independence in quantum probability. These are tensor, free, boolean, monotone, and anti-monotone independence.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%