The flame retardancy of polyamide 6—prepared by in situ polymerisation of ε-caprolactam—For T-RTM applications

Kovács, Zsófia; Pomázi, Ákos; Toldy, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109797

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Finally, a recent review by Toldy et al [ 52 ] focused on the effects of the addition of various fire‐retardant molecules in ε‐CL for the production of PA‐6‐based composites by TP‐RTM. In most cases, the phosphorous‐based organic molecules must be soluble in the monomer, which limits the panels that can be used.…”

Section: Reactive Thermoplastic Systems In Tp‐rtm Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic matrix‐based composites produced by resin transfer molding: A review

et al. 2022

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The recycling of thermoset-based composites is challenging. The replacement of thermosetting resins with thermoplastics is an initial step to address this issue, together with the use of green reinforcements. Owing to the recent development of low-viscosity thermoplastic resins, it is possible to produce thermoplastic matrix composites using the resin transfer molding (RTM) technique, which was originally conceived for the production of thermosetting matrix composites. These resins are based on cyclic esters, methyl methacrylate, and cyclic (butylene terephthalate) oligomers. This review presents the state-of-the-art works reported on the production of thermoplastic matrix composites via a thermoplastic RTM (TP-RTM) process, from the in situ polymerization of the resins through the optimization of the TP-RTM parameters for the evaluation of the composite properties.

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Section: Reactive Thermoplastic Systems In Tp‐rtm Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic matrix‐based composites produced by resin transfer molding: A review

et al. 2022

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“…Monomers have a low molecular mass, which leads them to have a viscosity similar to water, so they can easily impregnate the dry reinforcement material. During reactive processing, a chemical change occurs, but the result is a thermoplastic polymer without crosslinking [80].…”

Section: Thermoplastic Resin Transfer Molding (T-rtm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review

et al. 2022

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To move toward eco-sustainable and circular composites, one of the most effective solutions is to create thermoplastic composites. The strong commitment of world organizations in the field of safeguarding the planet has directed the research of these materials toward production processes with a lower environmental impact and a strong propensity to recycle the polymeric part. Under its chemical properties, Nylon 6 is the polymer that best satisfies this specific trade-off. The most common production processes that use a thermosetting matrix are described. Subsequently, the work aimed at investigating the use of thermoplastics in the same processes to obtain comparable performances with the materials that are currently used. Particular attention was given to the in situ anionic polymerization process of Nylon 6, starting from the ε-caprolactam monomer. The dependencies of the process parameters, such as temperature, time, pressure, humidity, and concentration of initiators and activators, were therefore investigated with reference to the vacuum infusion technique, currently optimized only to produce thermosetting matrix composites, but promising for the realization of thermoplastic matrix composite; this is the reason why we chose to focus our attention on the vacuum infusion. Finally, three production processes of the polymeric matrix and glass fiber composites were compared in terms of carbon footprint and cumulative energy demand (CED) through life-cycle assessment (LCA).

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“…To address the challenge, applying thermoplastic polymer monomer rather than the high molecular resin melt to impregnate fibers and then be in situ polymerized to produce FRTPs has been developed, which is roughly analogous with the pultrusion of thermoset composites. Nowadays, the possible thermoplastic resins for in situ polymerization include ε-caprolactam, [5,6] MMA, [7][8][9] and so on. Room-temperature-processible MMA monomer with viscosities as low as 100 mPaÁs and admirable properties have been shown more potentials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite pultrusion with in situ polymerizable methyl methacrylate: A review

2023

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Compared to thermosetting resins, thermoplastic polymers offer many advantages as fiber reinforced composite matrices, such as excellent toughness, superior corrosion resistance, weldability, and recyclable, etc. However, the processibility of thermoplastic composites is commonly considered as a challenge because of the high viscosity of polymer melts (e.g., polypropylene, polyetheretherketone, etc.), which remarkably hinders their applications. Using low viscosity and in situ polymerizable thermoplastic resins to manufacture continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites have been deemed as a cost-effective emerging approach to surpass the processibility challenges. Therefore, this paper presents an overview of advancement in the engineering, high-performance and room-temperature-processible liquid methyl methacrylate (MMA) resins and their composites up to date. First, the polymerization behavior and kinetic modeling of the MMA resins are reviewed, and the effects of initiators on the polymerization are summarized. In the second part, the pultrusion process and modeling including impregnation, temperature distribution and pulling force are discussed. Next, the mechanical properties and durability of the carbon fiber-, glass fiber-reinforced MMA-matrix composites are presented. Finally, the challenges of the preparation and application of the MMA-matrix composites are identified.

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The flame retardancy of polyamide 6—prepared by in situ polymerisation of ε-caprolactam—For T-RTM applications

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Thermoplastic matrix‐based composites produced by resin transfer molding: A review

Thermoplastic matrix‐based composites produced by resin transfer molding: A review

Thermoplastic Composite Materials Approach for More Circular Components: From Monomer to In Situ Polymerization, a Review

Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite pultrusion with in situ polymerizable methyl methacrylate: A review

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