The Flexible Developmental State: Globalization, Information Technology, and the “Celtic Tiger”

Riain, Seán Ó

doi:10.1177/0032329200028002002

Cited by 162 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…If only Boston was in the A-equilibrium, the difference would be been associated with increasing inequality of earnings (O'Riain, 2000). Table 3 confirms that Ireland has a higher ratio of the 90-10 (and also of the 90-50, 50-10)…”

Section: A Modicum Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 68%

Technology, Entrepreneurship, and Inequality

Gambardella

Ulph

2001

SSRN Journal

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This paper links the rise of new industries populated by skill-intensive companies with the divergence in labour incomes between skills. Our model explains inequality by the fact that as the skilled workers move towards new Silicon-Valley type firms, the reduced complementarity between skilled and unskilled workers in the traditional manufacturing sectors lessens the productivity of the latter. Knowledge externalities in the modern sector produce two equilibria in which either the modern sector dominates (and inequality between skills is high), or manufacturing dominates (inequality is low).

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Section: A Modicum Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 68%

Technology, Entrepreneurship, and Inequality

Gambardella

Ulph

2001

SSRN Journal

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“…In more recent years there has been a recovery in support for public R&D, based on new evidence from country-level studies. Beginning with Chalmers Johnson 15 who studied the history of modern Japanese industrial policy, followed by various other scholars in the developmental state school, new theories on the role of the state in enabling economic development have been proposed [16][17][18][19][20][21] . In a recent contribution that builds on these theories, Breznitz 22 offers a model of how developing countries can achieve economic transformation through state-led interventions that promote rapid innovation-based industries.…”

Section: Research Development and Economic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universities are becoming major players in the national system of innovation

Walwyn¹,

Cloete²

2016

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Based on data from South Africa's research and development (R&D) surveys, the country's R&D expenditure has grown in real terms by 52% over the period 2001 to 2012. This growth has been driven by government funding, which rose from 34% of the total funding in 2003 to 45% by 2012. Much of the additional funding has been granted to universities, with government support of R&D in this sector rising 450% in nominal terms, or 250% in real terms, over the same period. This funding focus, indicative of a growing role for universities as R&D performers within the national system of innovation, follows a pattern set earlier in many developed countries and reflects a revision in the state's steering of knowledge creation. The R&D Survey also revealed a decline in the average cost of research, as expressed by expenditure per full-time equivalent researcher. This finding suggests that the researcher labour market is being better supplied and the constraints identified by earlier reviews are slowly being overcome. Both trends are highly positive for the research system. However, the 34% decline in business R&D expenditure since its peak in 2008 is a matter of concern and needs to be addressed. In particular, the level of state-industry embeddedness must be increased to encourage private investment and to overcome South Africa's present growth constraints in respect of developing competitive medium-to high-technology sectors. IntroductionIn South Africa, the Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators has undertaken and published a research and development (R&D) survey annually since 2003; other agencies undertook similar surveys at mostly biennial intervals over the period 1983 to 2001, apart from 1995, when no data were published.1,2 Such surveys are rich in data that can inform policy and improve the overall performance of the R&D system. However, the link between survey data and policy appears to be made only sporadically, despite a number of recent reviews on science and technology policy. [3][4][5] We attempt to stimulate a more regular policy discussion based on the results of the survey, especially the role of public-funded R&D in supporting the national system of innovation. We concentrate on three issues, namely the source and beneficiaries of the growth in South Africa's expenditure on R&D, changes in the R&D labour market, and the decline in business R&D expenditure. The trends are discussed within the context of previous studies on the R&D role of the state, including the need for a more focused and transformative innovation policy 3,4,6 , constraints in R&D human resources [6][7][8][9] , and business R&D performance 10 . The extent to which and the manner in which the state involves itself in R&D are important questions that can have significant consequences on overall economic performance. Facing multiple options and instruments, the state must act in a focused yet balanced fashion to address the key challenges, without disfavouring any particular sector.

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“…That is the developmental network state overarching goal is to facilitate collaboration and encourage innovation at a both a domestic and global level (O'Rian, 2000).…”

Section: Technological Development Alliance Capitalism and Chinese Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific sets of policy instruments and mechanisms that allow the GNS to achieve its key goals include the ability to source and provide information about transnational corporations and world markets to domestic firms and the development of institutional frameworks and funding decisions designed to provide the necessary conditions for stimulating connections between domestic and international companies. That is the GNS overarching goal is to facilitate collaboration and encourage innovation at a both a domestic and a global level (O'Rian, 2000 instance, China has endeavoured to gain international recognition for its home-grown technology standards through regulators such as the ISO while at the same time seeking to strengthen its negotiating power vis-à-vis the WTO by identifying standards-dependency as a potential national security risk WTO .…”

Section: The Collaborative Economy Alliance Capitalism and The Chinementioning

confidence: 99%

China’s New Alliance Capitalism and the Case of the Wireless Communication Sector

Higgins

2015

Alliance Capitalism, Innovation and the Chinese State

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This thesis seeks to explore how key 'ecological' or 'systems integration' technical pressures such as the co-production of technology, the emergence of new "collaborative intellectual property (IP) mechanisms", and the increasing use of collaborative alliances for market and product development are impacting on and shaping the socio-technical policy directives of Chinese state leaders and the strategic behaviour of key Chinese high-technology firms operating in the global wireless sector.The central theoretical focus of this thesis is the emergence of alliance capitalism as an important new form of economic organisation with specific theoretical focus on the role of governmental authorities in both facilitating and governing the parameters of global technological alliances and market construction. The value of this thesis is that it highlights how the government of China and its domestic firms have recently adjusted to socio-technological systems change and the changing nature of the global technological environment and revised their technological development strategies to incorporate the notion of alliance capitalism. It will highlight how alliance capitalism is built around reciprocal interdependence and signifies a fundamental shift in the organisational behaviour of the Chinese government and its domestic firms. Beyond China's earlier FDI and techno-nationalist strategies, this new development strategy can be seen as the third major attempt to mount an effective industrial strategy in China. Specifically, it responds to socio-technological systems change in a way that seeks to reconcile the New Left's techno-nationalistic ambition to build an indigenous technology base characterised by the creation and ownership of technological standards and proprietorial ideas with the liberal desire to utilise the contemporary globalisation process as a mechanism to facilitate economic growth and technological up-scaling. It is essentially a third way whereby the state's strategic control over the globalisation process is modified in a way that still allows it a certain degree of control over the developmental process itself, but in which the existence of critical globalised ecosystem dependencies and the interests of global firms are actually integrated into the Chinese developmental strategy.ii

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The Flexible Developmental State: Globalization, Information Technology, and the “Celtic Tiger”

Cited by 162 publications

References 19 publications

Technology, Entrepreneurship, and Inequality

Technology, Entrepreneurship, and Inequality

Universities are becoming major players in the national system of innovation

China’s New Alliance Capitalism and the Case of the Wireless Communication Sector

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