The floral homeotic protein APETALA2 recognizes and acts through an AT-rich sequence element

Dinh, Thanh; Girke, Thomas; Liu, Xigang; Yant, Levi; Schmid, Markus; Chen, Xuemei

doi:10.1242/dev.077073

Cited by 91 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(96 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As shown in Figure 6B, TOE1 enrichment levels at region C (located in the upstream region of FT) and region R (located in the downstream region of FT) were markedly higher than those at other regions. It was recently shown that TOE1 also associates with the FT promoter at region F and region H ( Figure 6A), which contain AT-rich elements (Dinh et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2015). In our ChIP-qPCR experiments, however, TOE1 enrichment levels at region F and region H were much lower than those at region C and region R ( Figure 6B).…”

Section: Toe1 Binds the Promoter And Downstream Regulatory Region Of contrasting

confidence: 55%

Transcriptional Mechanism of Jasmonate Receptor COI1-Mediated Delay of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

Zhai¹,

Zhang²,

Wu³

et al. 2015

Plant Cell

167

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flowering time of plants must be tightly regulated to maximize reproductive success. Plants have evolved sophisticated signaling network to coordinate the timing of flowering in response to their ever-changing environmental conditions. Besides being a key immune signal, the lipid-derived plant hormone jasmonate (JA) also regulates a wide range of developmental processes including flowering time. Here, we report that the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)-dependent signaling pathway delays the flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana by inhibiting the expression of the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). We provide genetic and biochemical evidence that the APETALA2 transcription factors (TFs) TARGET OF EAT1 (TOE1) and TOE2 interact with a subset of JAZ (jasmonate-ZIM domain) proteins and repress the transcription of FT. Our results support a scenario that, when plants encounter stress conditions, bioactive JA promotes COI1-dependent degradation of JAZs. Degradation of the JAZ repressors liberates the transcriptional function of the TOEs to repress the expression of FT and thereby triggers the signaling cascades to delay flowering. Our study identified interacting pairs of TF and JAZ transcriptional regulators that underlie JA-mediated regulation of flowering, suggesting that JA signals are converted into specific context-dependent responses by matching pairs of TF and JAZ proteins.

show abstract

Section: Toe1 Binds the Promoter And Downstream Regulatory Region Of contrasting

confidence: 55%

Transcriptional Mechanism of Jasmonate Receptor COI1-Mediated Delay of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

Zhai¹,

Zhang²,

Wu³

et al. 2015

Plant Cell

167

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AP2 was recently shown to directly bind the second intron of AG (Yant et al, 2010;Dinh et al, 2012). Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), we showed that this region of the second AG intron (supplementary material Fig.…”

Section: Apetala2 Physically Interacts With a Co-repressor And Histonmentioning

confidence: 89%

APETALA2 negatively regulates multiple floral organ identity genes inArabidopsisby recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS and the histone deacetylase HDA19

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe development and coordination of complex tissues in eukaryotes requires precise spatial control of fate-specifying genes. Although investigations of such control have traditionally focused on mechanisms of transcriptional activation, transcriptional repression has emerged as being equally important in the establishment of gene expression territories. In the angiosperm flower, specification of lateral organ fate relies on the spatial regulation of the ABC floral organ identity genes. Our understanding of how the boundaries of these expression domains are controlled is not complete. Here, we report that the A-class organ identity gene APETALA2 (AP2), which is known to repress the C-class gene AGAMOUS, also regulates the expression borders of the B-class genes APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, and the E-class gene SEPALLATA3. We show that AP2 represses its target genes by physically recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS and the histone deacetylase HDA19. These results demonstrate that AP2 plays a broad role in flower development by controlling the expression domains of numerous floral organ identity genes.

show abstract

“…TOE proteins are members of the AP2 family; in addition, AP2 also affects flowering time, possibly through regulating SOC1 and FT expression (Yant et al 2010), and the AP2 protein could bind to AT-rich elements (Dinh et al 2012). Overexpression of TOE1m leads to defects of flower organs (Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Toes Prevent Precocious Flowering By Repressing Ft Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis TOE proteins convey a photoperiodic signal to antagonize CONSTANS and regulate flowering time

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants flower in an appropriate season to allow sufficient vegetative development and position flower development in favorable environments. In Arabidopsis, CONSTANS (CO) and FLAVIN-BINDING KELCH REPEAT F-BOX1 (FKF1) promote flowering by inducing FLOWER LOCUS T (FT) expression in the long-day afternoon. The CO protein is present in the morning but could not activate FT expression due to unknown negative mechanisms, which prevent premature flowering before the day length reaches a threshold. Here, we report that TARGET OF EAT1 (TOE1) and related proteins interact with the activation domain of CO and CO-like (COL) proteins and inhibit CO activity. TOE1 binds to the FT promoter near the CO-binding site, and reducing TOE function results in a morning peak of the FT mRNA. In addition, TOE1 interacts with the LOV domain of FKF1 and likely interferes with the FKF1-CO interaction, resulting in partial degradation of the CO protein in the afternoon to prevent premature flowering.

show abstract

The floral homeotic protein APETALA2 recognizes and acts through an AT-rich sequence element

Cited by 91 publications

References 60 publications

Transcriptional Mechanism of Jasmonate Receptor COI1-Mediated Delay of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

Transcriptional Mechanism of Jasmonate Receptor COI1-Mediated Delay of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis

APETALA2 negatively regulates multiple floral organ identity genes inArabidopsisby recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS and the histone deacetylase HDA19

Arabidopsis TOE proteins convey a photoperiodic signal to antagonize CONSTANS and regulate flowering time

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About