“…For example, less external heat was required to operate at 500°C with feed containing sugar at 4 grams/gram of sodium than was required to operate at 400°C with no sugar, all other calciner operating conditions being comparable. Argonne National Laboratory reported a reduction of about 33 percent in the external heat requirements when sugar was used in the processing of Purex-type wastes [67], Boric acid, phosphoric acid, and oxalic acid were all ineffective as additives to the feed in preventing caking in the calciner. Boric acid was added because of its influence on alpha alumina formation.…”