The force-frequency relationship: A comparative study between warm- and cold-blooded animals

Rumberger, E.; Reichel, Hans

doi:10.1007/bf00587448

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our data on mechanical restitution of the human heart are consistent with previous reports on isolated cardiac preparations (Braveny and Kruta, 1958;Rumberger and Reichel, 1972;Edman and Johannsson, 1976;Wohlfart, 1979) and intact canine (Pidgeon et al, 1980;Elzinga et al, 1981;Drake et al, 1982) and human ventricles (Pidgeon et al, 1982) Circulation Research/Vol. 53, No.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Electrical and mechanical restitution of the human heart at different rates of stimulation.

Franz¹,

Schäefer²,

M³

et al. 1983

Circulation Research

106

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Action potential duration and contractility are reduced following premature excitations, and gradually increase as the stimulus interval is lengthened. To examine these phenomena of electrical and mechanical restitution in the human heart, we simultaneously measured action potential duration and the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure in five patients undergoing electrophysiological study. Test beats were introduced at varying intervals after the last of a series of steady state intervals. By plotting action potential duration and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure as a function of the test interval, we formed electrical and mechanical restitution curves. When the rate of steady state pacing was increased, there was a decrease in action potential duration and an increase in the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure for all test intervals; i.e., a change in pacing rate affected action potential duration and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure of test responses in a reciprocal fashion. In addition, a higher steady state pacing rate allowed action potentials and contractile responses to be elicited at shorter test intervals, thereby displacing the electrical and mechanical restitution curves to the left. The magnitude of the leftward shift of both curves corresponded closely to the shortening of the steady state action potential duration induced by the increase in pacing rate. These findings confirm for the human heart that both electrical and mechanical restitution occur after membrane repolarization, i.e., as a function of the electrical diastolic interval preceding a beat, and not the stimulus interval.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Electrical and mechanical restitution of the human heart at different rates of stimulation.

Franz¹,

Schäefer²,

M³

et al. 1983

Circulation Research

106

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“…Since it has been shown in the isolated canine heart (Burkhoff et al, 1984a) and in isolated muscle (Rumberger and Reichel, 1972) that the time constant of extrasystolic mechanical restitution is independent of the steady state stimulation rate, we believe that our description for postextrasystoles (Eq. 4) will hold for priming period rates other than 130 beats/min.…”

Section: Single-equation Description Of Postextrasystolic Contractilementioning

confidence: 99%

Postextrasystolic potentiation of the isolated canine left ventricle. Relationship to mechanical restitution.

Yue¹,

Burkhoff

Franz

et al. 1985

Circulation Research

101

107

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SUMMARY. We established, for the isolated, isovolumically beating canine left ventricle, a comprehensive description of postextrasystolic contractile strength (dP/dtn^) as a function of extrasystolic and postextrasystolic stimulus intervals. In contrast to previous studies of postextrasystolic beats in in situ hearts, these isolated ventricles contracted isovolumically so that dP/df™* was not affected by fluctuations in preload and afterload and was therefore considered to be a reliable index of intrinsic contractility. With the interval preceding extrasystoles constant, postextrasystolic contractile strength increased monoexponentially to a plateau as the interval preceding postextrasystoles lengthened, with a mean time constant (±SD) of 182 ± 44 msec (n = 53). The onset of this increase in postextrasystolic contractile strength coincided with repolarization of the extrasystolic action potential. With the interval preceding postextrasystoles held constant and long (1200 msec), postextrasystolic contractile strength decreased according to a monoexponenb'al function as the interval preceding extrasystoles lengthened [mean time constant (±SD) of 176 ± 18 msec (n = 10)]. These phenomena could be quantitatively summarized by a single equation description of postextrasystolic contractile strength which involved monoexponential functions with one time constant. The mathematical form of this description led us to a simple interpretation of these phenomena in terms of currently proposed excitation-contraction coupling models of the heart. (CircRes 56: 340-350, 1985)

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“…In six muscles primed at stimulation frequencies ranging between 2 and 5/sec the twitch potentiation was investigated at 0-6, 0-7, 0-8, 0-9 and 1'0 sec test pulse intervals. The twitch amplitude recorded at 0-6 and 1-0 sec test pulse intervals was, respectively, 97 % (range [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100] (Bautovich, Gibb & Johnson, 1962;Teiger & Farah, 1968), guinea-pig (Rumberger & Reichel, 1972), cat (Trautwein & Dudel, 1954;Koch-Weser, 1963), dog (Endoh & Hashimoto, 1970) and man (Gennser, Jo'hannsson & Nilsson, 1972;Buckley, Penefsky & Litwak, 1972). Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rationale behind the choice of -40 mV for determination of the total depolarization time per see was the previous demonstration that an inward calcium current is activated at this level (Beeler & Reuter, 1970a;Ochi, 1970;New & Trautwein, 1972). Rumberger & Reichel, 1972). According to these views the contractile force of myocardium increases with stimulation frequency as long as the positive inotropic effect of activation (PIEA, Koch-Weser & Blinks, 1963) increases more than the negative inotropic effect of activation (NIEA, Koch-Weser & Blinks, 1963).…”

Section: Relationship Between Potentiation and Membrane Depolarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contractile state of rabbit papillary muscle in relation to stimulation frequency.

Edman¹,

Jóhannsson²

1976

The Journal of Physiology

158

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SUMMIARY1. The relationship between active force and stimulation frequency (0-25--5/sec) was studied at 36-37o C in isolated papillary muscles of the rabbit.2. The muscle's force producing capability at a given frequency was determined as the isometric twitch response to a test stimulus that was applied at various times after a priming period. The optimum contractile response was obtained at an interval of 0-8 sec between the test pulse and the last stimulus of the priming period.3. The optimum contractile response exceeded the steady-state twitch amplitude at all stimulation frequencies higher than 1/sec. While the steady-state twitch response declined at frequencies higher than 4/sec, the optimum contractile response was steadily increased as the stimulation frequency was raised.4. The optimum contractile response was also determined after priming the muscle with a sinusoidal a.c. pulse (field strength, 10 V (r.m.s.)/cm; frequency, 20 c/s; duration, 2-5 sec). The optimum contractile response obtained after a.c. stimulation was 2-2 times greater than the maximal steady-state response. Its absolute value was 67-3 + 6-1 mN/mm2 (mean + sxE. of mean, n = 6).5. The twitch potentiation produced by priming the muscle at a given frequency decayed exponentially in two phases after optimum contractile response had been attained. The time constants of the two phases, determined after a.c. stimulation, were 2-6 ± 0-8 (n = 4) and 92-0 + 13-3 sec (n = 7), respectively.6. The optimum contractile response determined at various stimulation frequencies was linearly related to the fraction of time during which the cell membrane was depolarized (beyond -40 mV) by the action potentials.

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The force-frequency relationship: A comparative study between warm- and cold-blooded animals

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Electrical and mechanical restitution of the human heart at different rates of stimulation.

Electrical and mechanical restitution of the human heart at different rates of stimulation.

Postextrasystolic potentiation of the isolated canine left ventricle. Relationship to mechanical restitution.

The contractile state of rabbit papillary muscle in relation to stimulation frequency.

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