The Forces Between Neutral Molecules and Metallic Surfaces

Margenau, Henry; Pollard, William G.

doi:10.1103/physrev.60.128

Cited by 76 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Subsequent calculations by Bardeen [14] and Margenau and Pollard [15], which treated the behavior of the metal more physically, gave results which are similar to Lennard-Jones except for a factor, which depends on the parameters of the metal and which is typically of the order of f. This factor occurs because the metal electrons do not respond to the fluctuating external potential instantaneously and do not shield completely the potential from the inside of the metal.…”

Section: The Induced Dipole Momentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The depolarization interaction of adsorbed non‐polar molecules

Antoniewicz

1978

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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The depolarizing interaction between two non-polar molecules, on a metal surface, is investigated.It is found that the classical depolarizing field between two dipole moments is sufficient to describe the interaction for spherically symmetric molecules or atoms. However the effective polarizability should be used instead of the free atom polarizability. For an anisotropic molecule there is a correction to the classical result of up to about twenty percent a t a monolayer coverage.L'intbraotion dbpolarisante entre deux molbcules non-polaire, sur la surface mbtalique, est examinbe. I1 est montr6 que le champ classique dbpolarisant entre deux moments dipolaire est suffisant pour dbcrire l'intbraction pour des molbcules ou atomes de symmbtrie sphbrique. Cependant, on deurait utilisb la polarisabilitb effective au lieu de la polarisabilitb d'un atome libre. Pour une molbcule anisotrope, il y une correction du rbsultat classique de presque vingt pourcent pour une simple couche.

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Section: The Induced Dipole Momentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The depolarization interaction of adsorbed non‐polar molecules

Antoniewicz

1978

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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“…22 If pair correlation is neglected, F dis(2) (0) reduces to a form which is equivalent to that calculated by Prosen and Sachs. 20 In a future paper various models will be used to evaluate the second order and third order dispersion free energy.…”

Section: Adsorption On a Solid With Delocalized Electronsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Three-Body Nonadditive Free Energy of Gases Adsorbed on Solids of Arbitrary Electron Delocalization

MacRury

Linder

1972

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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A general formalism is presented for the nonretarded interaction between three nonoverlapping systems of arbitrary sizes and electron delocalizations. The theory is formulated in terms of response functions and spatially dependent susceptibilities of the noninteracting systems. The three-body nonadditive free energy is worked out in detail and specialized to the interaction between two small nonpolar gas molecules adsorbed on the surface of a solid of arbitrary electron delocalization. Two extreme cases are considered:(1) the electrons in the solid are localized in small polarizable units and (2) the electrons in the solid are completely delocalized. The results are discussed and compared with previously derived expressions.

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“…192,224,225 In standard Casimir force research, such as the AHD experiment, the Lifshitz theory applied in that arena provides, by design, an appropriate tool to capture phenomena that intrinsically arise as a consequence of many-body interactions without the need to make reference to the discrete nature of the interacting boundaries. Since one of the characteristic asymptotic limits of the Lifshitz theory is, in fact, that of a rarefied gas of individual polarizable particles interacting with a boundary, 161,182,187,201,[226][227][228][229] it logically follows that such a formulation can, at least in principle, describe the evolution of the mechanical energy of a neutral beam interacting with a dielectric surface whose optical properties are being manipulated. 192,224,225 In contrast, calculations of the mutual interaction potential of telescoping multi-walled nanotube layers, as well as of atoms and molecules in different positions outside or inside the nanotube, are often carried out a F. Pinto within the full additivity framework either by discrete atomic potential summation in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations 131-136, 140, 207, 230-232 or by continuum approximations.…”

Section: Dispersion Force Control Experimentation and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanopropulsion from High-Energy Particle Beams via Dispersion Forces in Nanotubes

Pinto¹

2012

48th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference &Amp;amp; Exhibit

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Here we show for the first time that the van der Waals forces which act on the inner cores of multiwalled nanotubes can be altered to produce high-energy, high-luminosity neutral beams of nano-shuttles sliding inside the outer shells until they are ejected. This novel principle of nanotube core acceleration is based on a nanoscale implementation of dispersion force manipulation originally introduced and then developed both theoretically and experimentally by the author in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). In analogy with electromagnetic neutral particle acceleration, the van der Waals force, which has been experimentally observed to "retract" partially extruded cores inside the outer nanotube shells at extremely high speeds, is modulated in order to transfer a net amount of kinetic energy to the accelerated beam. Since dispersion forces are a dominant interaction at typical interlayer distances ≈ 0.34 nm, and sliding frictional forces are relatively small, the resulting final speed of the ejected shells can exceed vcore,fin 10 km/s. Technologies for the synthesis, fabrication, and uncapping of dense arrays of parallel, telescoping, multiwalled nanotubes have been already demonstrated to yield surface densities 10 10 cm −2 and individual nanotube lengths 10 cm have been demonstrated. Therefore, as the technology becomes fully developed, the resulting net thrust and specific impulse of a nanopropulsion device based on this approach can be shown to decisively exceed that of other existing lowthrust technologies. Additional advantages include the neutrality of ejecta, the potential for a tight integration of the propulsive system with on-chip digital management, and system versatility to accommodate drastically different mission profiles.

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The Forces Between Neutral Molecules and Metallic Surfaces

Cited by 76 publications

References 3 publications

The depolarization interaction of adsorbed non‐polar molecules

The depolarization interaction of adsorbed non‐polar molecules

Three-Body Nonadditive Free Energy of Gases Adsorbed on Solids of Arbitrary Electron Delocalization

Nanopropulsion from High-Energy Particle Beams via Dispersion Forces in Nanotubes

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