The Forest Inventory and Analysis Database: Database Description and User Guide for Phase 2 (version 6.0.1)

O'Connell, Barbara; LaPoint, Elizabeth B.; Turner, Jeffrey A.; Ridley, Ted; Pugh, Scott A.; Wilson, Andrea M.; Waddell, Karen L.; Conkling, Barbara L.

doi:10.2737/fs-fiadb-p2-6.0.1

Cited by 88 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Each FIA plot was assigned a stand-size class-large, medium, or small-classified according to the predominant size of live trees present, based on stocking. As specified by the USDA Forest Service FIA inventory handbook, standsize classes were defined differently for hardwoods and softwoods: ''large'' stand-size class, trees >27.9 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) for hardwoods and >22.9 cm dbh for softwoods; ''medium'' stand-size class, trees 12.7-27.7 cm dbh for hardwoods and 12.7-22.6 cm dbh softwoods; and ''small'' stand-size class, trees <12.4 cm dbh (O'Connell et al, 2014). For each subsection we calculated relative dominance of tree species groups within each stand-size class.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For more than 80 years, each state's forestland has been surveyed on a cycle of about every 8-15 years; the dates for each survey varied by state (USDA Forest Service, 2013). In accordance with specifications set forth in the Farm Bill of 1999, the FIA program began an annual inventory of measuring plots in each state each year, completing a full survey of the plots over a five-year period within eastern states (over ten years in western states), providing timely information for managers and policy makers (O'Connell et al, 2014). We focused our analysis on the Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota subsections of the study region, excluding subsections in Illinois from further analysis given the limited number of FIA inventory plots available for analysis in that part of the Driftless Area.…”

Section: Description Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest change in the Driftless Area of the Midwest: From a preferred to undesirable future

Knoot

Shea

Schulte

et al. 2015

Forest Ecology and Management

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In the midwestern and eastern U.S., oaks (Quercus spp.) have been a dominant component of forests for at least the last 10,000 years, providing vital habitat for numerous wildlife and plant species that have adapted to oak forest conditions. However, the current state of these oak systems, in which there has been a general lack of successful oak regeneration and recruitment and an increase in the relative dominance of mesophytic species, may be nearing critical thresholds. If reached, restoring oak systems through natural regeneration and other methods, such as prescribed fire, may become especially challenging if not impossible. An understanding of spatial variation in oak dominance over time can inform and potentially improve the efficacy of intervention strategies. Using Public Land Survey and Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) inventories, we evaluated changes in the composition of timberland across ecoregional subsections in the Driftless Area of the Midwest at three time periods (pre-settlement 1800s, 1990s, and 2000s). We identified an overall decrease in oak dominance, and particularly dominance of the white oak (Quercus alba L., Q. macrocarpa Michx., and Q. bicolor Willd.) species group since the presettlement era, and an increase in other eastern soft hardwoods. Within the last 20 years, both the red oak (Q. rubra L., Q. ellipsoidalis E.J. Hill and Q. velutina Lam.) and white oak species groups decreased in dominance, with an increase in hard maple-basswood (A. saccharum Marsh., A. nigra L., and Tilia americana L.) species group dominance, indicating further mesophication of forests in the region. However, we found a notable decrease in hard maple-basswood relative dominance within the small diameter class across most of the regions within the last 10-20 years, with an increase in dominance of other, non-oak, species. Our findings complement qualitative evidence from interviews with natural resource professionals from the region and offer further information on the potential for forest conversion to ''undesirable'' forest conditions, as identified as a source of concern by some professionals. There was spatial variation in these trends, however, with some pronounced differences across adjacent state boundaries. The variation in forest change across state boundaries suggests the role of state-level socioeconomic and policy factors in affecting forest conditions, and thus the potential for a targeted and timely approach to promoting preferred pathways of change. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. a b s t r a c tIn the midwestern and eastern U.S., oaks (Quercus spp.) have been a dominant component of forests for at least the last 10,000 years, providing vital habitat for numerous wildlife and plant species that have adapted to oak forest conditions. However, the current state of these oak systems, in which there has been a general lack of successful oak reg...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest change in the Driftless Area of the Midwest: From a preferred to undesirable future

Knoot

Shea

Schulte

et al. 2015

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Field data were collected by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture. Our analyses relied upon tree-level, stand-level, and plot-level variables from the FIA database [17], as well as numerous stand-level variables that we calculated using tree-level data (Table 1). Tree-level variables included identification of tree species; live/dead status; diameter at breast height (DBH) of all standing dead trees ≥12.7 DBH and all live trees ≥2.54 DBH, regardless of height; and number of whitebark pine seedlings on each plot.…”

Section: Study Area and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seedlings (defined here as stems ≥15.2 cm tall with DBH <2.54 cm) and saplings (live trees ≥2.54 and <12.7 cm DBH) were measured on smaller regeneration plots within each FIA plot [18]. The stand-level variable consisted of forest type (FORTYPCD in the COND table of the FIA database [17]), which is calculated as a function of the species, sizes, and live/dead status of all trees measured in each stand [17]. For stands that have experienced recent disturbances that reduced tree cover below 10%, the forest type is classified as "nonstocked" [17].…”

Section: Study Area and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinus albicaulis Engelm. (Whitebark Pine) in Mixed-Species Stands throughout Its US Range: Broad-Scale Indicators of Extent and Recent Decline

Goeking

Izlar

2018

Forests

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Abstract:We used data collected from >1400 plots by a national forest inventory to quantify population-level indicators for a tree species of concern. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) has recently experienced high mortality throughout its US range, where we assessed the area of land with whitebark pine present, size-class distribution of individual whitebark pine, growth rates, and mortality rates, all with respect to dominant forest type. As of 2016, 51% of all standing whitebark pine trees in the US were dead. Dead whitebark pines outnumbered live ones-and whitebark pine mortality outpaced growth-in all size classes ≥22.8 cm diameter at breast height (DBH), across all forest types. Although whitebark pine occurred across 4.1 million ha in the US, the vast majority of this area (85%) and of the total number of whitebark pine seedlings (72%) fell within forest types other than the whitebark pine type. Standardized growth of whitebark pines was most strongly correlated with the relative basal area of whitebark pine trees (rho = 0.67; p < 0.01), while both standardized growth and mortality were moderately correlated with relative whitebark pine stem density (rho = 0.39 and 0.40; p = 0.031 and p < 0.01, respectively). Neither growth nor mortality were well correlated with total stand basal area, total stem density, or stand mean diameter. The abundance, extent, and relative growth vs. mortality rates of whitebark pine in multiple forest types presents opportunities for management to encourage whitebark pine recruitment in mixed-species stands. The lodgepole pine forest type contained more whitebark pine seedlings (35%) than any other forest type, suggesting that this forest type represents a potential management target for silvicultural treatments that seek to facilitate the recruitment of whitebark pine seedlings into larger size classes. National forest inventories in other countries may use a similar approach to assess species of concern.

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“…See Bechtold and Patterson (2005), O'Connell et al (2014), and Gormanson et al (2018) for definitions and technical details. A complete set of inventory tables is available at https://doi.org/10.2737/FS-RU-158.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forests of South Dakota, 2017

Paulson

Meneguzzo

2018

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The Forest Inventory and Analysis Database: Database Description and User Guide for Phase 2 (version 6.0.1)

Cited by 88 publications

References 3 publications

Forest change in the Driftless Area of the Midwest: From a preferred to undesirable future

Forest change in the Driftless Area of the Midwest: From a preferred to undesirable future

Pinus albicaulis Engelm. (Whitebark Pine) in Mixed-Species Stands throughout Its US Range: Broad-Scale Indicators of Extent and Recent Decline

Forests of South Dakota, 2017

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