The formation and functioning of electroactive coatings based on fullerenes and their derivatives. The role of Non-covalent interactions

Abstract

The maximum entropy method (MEM) can be used to determine the electron density in the unit cell of periodic crystals from phased x-ray diffraction data. As a straightforward extension of this method, the MEM formalism can be applied to the generalized electron density in the unit cell of superspace describing the structures of aperiodic crystals. The principles of the MEM are discussed as they need to be modified for the application of the MEM to generalised electron densities in (3 + d)-dimensional superspace (d is an integer). A critical discussion is given of the potential of the MEM for the determination of modulation functions of incommensurately modulated crystals and composite crystals as well as for the determination of atomic occupation domains of quasicrystals.

Behavior of Octa(benzo-15-crown-5)-substituted Metal Phthalo-cyanines in Polar Media and their Immobilization on Solid Suppor

“…[18] При этом достигаются высокая степень дисперсности электроактивного соединения и упорядо-ченность структуры покрытия. Анализ спектров погло-щения литых пленок Cocr 8 Pc или композиции 2b-ТОАБ показывает, что характерная Q-полоса мономера Cocr 8 Pc (λ = 676 нм) сохраняется и в твердой фазе.…”

“…Отметим, что спектр композита 2b-ТОАБ на ITO отличается от его спектра на кварце меньшей шириной линий. Причиной этого может быть упорядочение молекул ТОАБ в покрытии за счет электростатического взаимодействия последнего с подложкой [18] и повышение в результате степени диспергирования Pc по сравнению с его состоянием на кварце.…”

Electropolymerization of Phthalocyanines

“…Matrices of QAS or artificial lipids are widely used to form composites with fullerene C 60 and its derivatives [13][14][15]. Bromides of quaternary ammonium with long alkyl substituents are also suitable for immobilizing Pcs of transition metals.…”

“…These matrices with symmetrical alkyl radicals (C > 6), as well as asymmetrical QAS, can form polybilayer structures [13,15]. The presence of hydrophobic alkyl substituents in the Pc ring allows the lutecium compound to intercalate into the hydrophobic part of polybilayer coating.…”

C60-dyad aggregates: Self-organized structures in aqueous solutions

“…(2) complexes with water-soluble biomacromolecules 21 and synthetic polymers; 22,23 (3) receptor-ligand (C 60 ) complexes; 24,25 (4) chemical functionalization to increase the hydrophilicity, for instance with amino acids, carboxylic acids, polyhydroxyl groups, amphiphilic polymers, etc. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] This way to functionalize the fullerene via attaching a wide range of well-hydrated groups to the carbon core has led to improved solubility in polar media. The hydrophilic décor has also become a critical element to promote and modulate supramolecular aggregation and to shift a paradigm from the self-assembly to commanded assembly of smart fullerene-based materials.…”