The Formation and Reduction of No During the Combustion of Powdered Petroleum Coke—the Case of Cement Plant Precalciner Conditions

Commandré, Jean-Michel; Salvador, Sylvain; Steene, Laurent Van de; Gadiou, Roger

doi:10.1080/00102200590909247

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The amounts of N are comparable with those of coal; they range between 1.21% and 3.5%, most of the values being lower than 2%. It has been demonstrated in previous works [3,14] that the NO formed during the combustion of powdered fuels in fluidised bed conditions is fuel NO, i.e., NO formed by the oxidation of N in the fuel and not by the oxidation of N 2 present in the air. If all the N of the fuels studied here were converted into NO, the concentration in the flue gas would range between 2317 and 6613 ppm at 3% O 2 .…”

Section: Properties Of the Petcokesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of correlation between the properties of a petroleum coke and its behaviour during combustion

Commandré

Salvador

2005

Fuel Processing Technology

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To cite this version:Jean-Michel Commandre, Sylvain Salvador. Lack of correlation between the properties of a petroleum coke and its behaviour during combustion. Fuel Processing Technology, Elsevier, 2005, 86 (7), p. AbstractThis work is an attempt to establish links between the properties of the petcoke that can be measured through standard analysis in the laboratory and the behaviour of the petcoke both in terms of its combustion velocity and the emission of gas pollutants.A large number of petcokes, 22, taken from different sources, were burnt in an Entrained Flow Reactor (EFR) in conditions close to those of a fluidised bed of a cement plant precalciner. The burnout for the 22 petcokes ranged from 68% to 81%. The gas emissions resulting from their combustion were analysed. Prior to this, each type of petcoke was characterised in terms of its chemical composition, volatile matter and ash content, structural properties and LCV. The correlation between all these characteristics and the combustion velocity, SO 2 emissions and NO emissions in the EFR were systematically investigated.The combustion velocity does not appear to be correlated to any of the properties. The emissions of SO 2 can be accurately predicted from the content in S of the petcoke. The emissions in NO are not directly linked to the N content of the petcoke. No simple correlation could be established to predict NO emissions.

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Section: Properties Of the Petcokesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of correlation between the properties of a petroleum coke and its behaviour during combustion

Commandré

Salvador

2005

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…High-heating-rate (HHR) chars were produced in a drop tube reactor, which is representative of the very high heat transfer encountered in industrial units. The reactor was fully characterized by Van de Steene et al 2000, Commandré et al (2005), and Dupont et al (2008). It consists of an alumina tube of 2000 Â 75 mm (L Â ID), inserted into a vertical electric heater with three independent heating zones; the total isothermal reaction zone is 1 m long.…”

Section: Production and Storage Of Charsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion and gasification characteristics of chars from raw and torrefied biomass

Fisher

Dupont

Darvell

et al. 2012

Bioresource Technology

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154

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Torrefaction is a mild thermal pretreatment (T<300°C) that improves biomass milling and storage properties. The impact of torrefaction on the gasification and oxidation reactivity of chars from torrefied and raw biomass was investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the differences in O(2) and steam reactivity, between chars prepared from torrefied and raw willow, under both high- and low-heating-rate conditions. High-heating-rate chars were prepared at 900°C with a residence time of 2s. Low-heating-rate chars were prepared with a heating rate of 33°C/min, a maximum temperature of 850 or 1000°C, and a residence time of 30 min or 1h, respectively, at the maximum temperature. Pretreatment by torrefaction consistently reduced char reactivity. Torrefaction's impact was greatest for high-heating-rate chars, reducing reactivity by a factor of two to three. The effect of torrefaction on a residence time requirements for char burnout and gasification was estimated.

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“…The GASPAR model [27,26,33,34] was developed to describe the pyrolysis and gasification of biomass particles in an EFR. It is a 1-D model that accounts for the main physical phenomena and chemistry related to the heterogeneous and gas phase reactions.…”

Section: The Gaspar Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Heat Treatment Severity Index: A new metric correlated to the properties of biochars obtained from entrained flow pyrolysis of biomass

Guizani

Jeguirim

Valin

et al. 2019

Fuel

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The properties of biochars produced in biomass pyrolysis processes highly depend on the pyrolysis conditions, specifically the pyrolysis temperature and thermal treatment duration. The higher the temperature and the duration, the more severe is the heat treatment. The present work proposes a new Heat Treatment Severity Index (HTSI) for the quantification of the heat treatment severity during the pyrolysis reaction. This metric takes into account both effects of reactor temperature and heat treatment time inside the reactor. The relevance of this HTSI is assessed through analyzing the evolution of some properties of biochars obtained after pyrolysis of 370 µm beech wood particles in an entrained flow reactor. These biochars were characterized for their chemical composition (elemental analysis), structure (Raman spectroscopy) and reactivity towards oxygen (thermogravimetric analysis). These properties were well correlated with the HTSI following remarkable mathematical relationships. This finding demonstrates the possibility to engineer biochars with controlled properties by a careful mastering of the experimental conditions of the pyrolysis process in terms of temperature and heat treatment time.

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The Formation and Reduction of No During the Combustion of Powdered Petroleum Coke—the Case of Cement Plant Precalciner Conditions

Cited by 11 publications

References 53 publications

Lack of correlation between the properties of a petroleum coke and its behaviour during combustion

Lack of correlation between the properties of a petroleum coke and its behaviour during combustion

Combustion and gasification characteristics of chars from raw and torrefied biomass

The Heat Treatment Severity Index: A new metric correlated to the properties of biochars obtained from entrained flow pyrolysis of biomass

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