The formation of Fe colloids and layered double hydroxides as sequestration agents in the natural remediation of mine drainage

Chikanda, Frances; Otake, Tsubasa; Koide, Aoi; Ito, Akane; Satō, Tsutomu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145183

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Hence, aggregation of freshly precipitated, colloidal hydrous ferric oxides results in proceeding growth toward a critical aggregate size that facilitates effective sedimentation . The critical window governing transition from dispersed colloids to effectively settleable particles is to be expected in the upper nanometer and lower micrometer range. , This estimate is substantiated by the examination of artificial hydrous ferric oxides from controlled precipitation experiments ,, and ochreous sediments from various mine sites, where ferric aggregates predominantly occurred between 0.2 and 10 μm. ,− This is in accordance with a recent study by Chikanda et al, reporting effective gravitational separation of hydrous ferric oxides in a drain and pond system once the ferric aggregates considerably exceeded 0.3 μm. Moreover, the size range is in accordance with early sizing approaches for settling ponds in the mining industry, which recommended an overflow rate of 1 × 10 –5 m/s based on the estimated settling time of shale-sized particles with a diameter of ≈4 μm .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Above and below this range, the simplified first-order approach will inevitably tend to progressively underestimate and overestimate iron removal, respectively. In passive mine water treatment systems, the concentration of particulate hydrous ferric oxides is usually low because ferric solids are only gradually generated upon ferrous iron oxidation and concomitantly removed through sedimentation . What is more, low iron levels are ultimately most relevant for sizing purposes to ensure reliable compliance with typical discharge limits in the order of 1–3 mg/L total iron.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, AMD discharges to surface waters ultimately result in impaired usability of water resources and destruction of aquatic ecosystems. , For the protection of freshwater environments, passive mine water treatment systems were developed as a low-cost, ecotechnological method for neutralization of AMD and removal of dissolved and suspended metal compounds with a focus on iron as principal and ubiquitous contaminant in mining environments. , At circumneutral pH, passive iron removal in surface-flow systems (settling ponds, wetlands) proceeds along the two aforementioned steps: First, transfer from dissolved ferrous iron to particulate hydrous ferric oxides via oxidation and precipitation, and second, sedimentation of particulate hydrous ferric oxides . Ferrous iron oxidation was intensively investigated in the past decades, and the main mechanisms and kinetics are reasonably well understood. − Relative to ferrous iron oxidation, the removal of waterborne hydrous ferric oxides is poorly understood, and only little is known on the underlying formation, aggregation, and sedimentation kinetics in mining environments. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedimentation Kinetics of Hydrous Ferric Oxides in Ferruginous, Circumneutral Mine Water

Opitz

Bauer²,

Alte³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Transport, transformation, and removal of iron in aqueous environments is primarily controlled by ferrous iron oxidation followed by aggregation and sedimentation of the resultant hydrous ferric oxides. The latter mechanisms are particularly important for passive iron removal in mine water treatment systems, yet the interrelation and underlying kinetics are poorly understood. In this study, the sedimentation behavior of natural hydrous ferric oxides was systematically investigated under different hydrogeochemical conditions via laboratory-based column experiments. The objective was to determine a robust model approach for the approximation of aggregation/sedimentation kinetics in engineered systems. The results showed that sedimentation is governed by two interrelated regimes, a rapid second-order aggregation-driven step (r1) at high iron levels followed by a slower first-order settling step (r2) at lower iron levels. A mixed first-/second-order model was found to adequately describe the process: with k r1 = 9.4 × 10–3 m3/g/h and k r2 = 5.4 × 10–3 h–1. Moreover, we were able to demonstrate that the removal of particulate hydrous ferric oxides at low particulate iron levels (<10 mg/L) may be reasonably well approximated by a simplified first-order relationship: with k sed = 2.4 (±0.4) × 10–2 h–1, which agrees well with incipient literature estimates. Only minor effects of pH, salinity, and mineralogy on kinetic parameters were observed. Hence, the results of this study may be broadly transferrable among different mine sites.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sedimentation Kinetics of Hydrous Ferric Oxides in Ferruginous, Circumneutral Mine Water

Opitz

Bauer²,

Alte³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…From the Bor and Bela Rivers, the contents of particulate forms of As in 2019 and 2015 ranged from 75% to 96% and 95% to 99%, respectively, of the total As. This indicates that As was effectively sorbed onto the suspended HFO (Chikanda et al, 2021; Lalinská‐Voleková et al, 2022; Ogawa et al, 2012; Ye et al, 2022). In fact, for the 2015 data, the flux pattern of As was similar to that of Fe (Figure 6d) which implies that As have been adsorbed onto or co‐precipitated with the HFO and settled onto the riverbed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a water column, toxic metals and As are transported as either dissolved or fixed to the suspended particles (Chikanda et al, 2021; Montecinos et al, 2020; Ye et al, 2022). Hydrous ferric oxides (HFO) and hydrous aluminum oxides (HAO) have remarkable sorption properties, and thus are very important in the removal of toxic elements from contaminated waters (Chikanda et al, 2021; Lalinská‐Voleková et al, 2022; Montecinos et al, 2020). The formation of these particles is largely dependent on the pH of the surrounding waters, as well as temperature (Ogawa et al, 2012; Schemel et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk assessment of the contamination of river water and sediments from the Bor mining area, East Serbia―Secondary Cu enrichment at the reservoir site

et al. 2023

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The study area is within the Bor copper mining region, Eastern Serbia, where wastewaters from the Bor metallurgical/smelting facilities have caused serious copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) contamination to the Timok river system. The operating conditions at smelting facilities control the pH of the river waters, resulting in highly acidic waters in 2019 than 2015. This study compares the mobility of Cu and As and risk assessment of river water contamination during both years as well as assessing the risks of riverbed sediments contamination and investigating the origins of Cu and As pollution. In the river system, As generally existed as a particulate species in the entire study area during both years and was widely removed from river waters by sorption onto the hydrous ferric oxides (HFO), whereas dissolved Cu was removed from river waters only at neutral pH conditions with hydrous aluminum oxides (HAO) and HFO at the downstream reservoir site of Timok River. Despite the similarity in Cu mobility during both years, the lower pH of river waters in 2019 than 2015 enabled dissolved Cu species to be transported farther downstream, resulting in a higher level of river water pollution. The contamination factor (CF), used to estimate levels of sediment pollution, had higher values for Cu and As compared to Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni. The CF values of Cu were the highest in sediments near the Bor metallurgical/smelting facilities and at downstream reservoir site, whereas the CF values of As were generally high in the entire research field. Additionally, the ecological risk potential (Er) values of Cu were the highest in sediments of the Bor River and Timok River, reflecting an enrichment of Cu at these sites. Finally, a clarification on the origin of Cu pollution and risks of mobilization was inferred from the sequential extraction test. The predominant Cu species in sediments of the upstream region were oxidizable and residual, hosted by copper sulfides originating from the flotation tailings, suggesting a relatively low risk of Cu release from these sediments. However, at the downstream site (especially reservoir sediments), the contribution of acid‐soluble Cu was 34.8%, suggesting a higher risk of Cu release. The highest contributions of acid‐soluble and reducible Cu (18%) at the reservoir site were promoted by the effective settlement of Cu‐sorbing HAO and HFO. The Cu contents of these two fractions were 0.86 wt%, almost three times higher than that of Cu ore in Veliki Krivelj open pit mine.

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Colloidal metal transport in soils developing on historic coal mine spoil

Chowdhury

Singer

Herndon

2021

Applied Geochemistry

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The formation of Fe colloids and layered double hydroxides as sequestration agents in the natural remediation of mine drainage

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Sedimentation Kinetics of Hydrous Ferric Oxides in Ferruginous, Circumneutral Mine Water

Sedimentation Kinetics of Hydrous Ferric Oxides in Ferruginous, Circumneutral Mine Water

Environmental risk assessment of the contamination of river water and sediments from the Bor mining area, East Serbia―Secondary Cu enrichment at the reservoir site

Colloidal metal transport in soils developing on historic coal mine spoil

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