The formation of pre-effectors in the steady state opens a new perspective for cancer immunosurveillance

Applications of Antibody-Based Antigen Delivery Targeted to Dendritic Cells In Vivo

“…Such “pre-effectors” activated in the steady state become poised for subsequent effector differentiation and, upon re-stimulation under non-skewing conditions in vitro or in vivo, readily express key factors such as IFN-γ that then can trigger expression of T-bet, and possibly other effector master regulators [ 89 ]. These pre-effectors can contribute to initiation of the autoimmune responses, and any such pre-effectors specifically induced by tumor neo-antigens might also have a key role for cancer immunosurveillance [ 89 , 90 ].…”