The Franziscean Land Cadastre as a Key to Understanding the 19th-century Cultural Landscape in Slovenia

Abstract

The majority of the cultural landscapes in Slovenia reflect former times attach to completely different economic and social conditions, which have mainly been outdated (photography Franci Petek).Mnoge slovenske kulturne pokrajine so odsev preteklosti s popolnoma druga~nimi, danes v veliki meri pre`ivetimi gospodarskimi in dru`benimi razmerami (fotografija Franci Petek). ABSTRACT: The aim of the article is to present the use of the Franziscean Cadastre in studying past land use and reconstructing the rural cultural landscape of the 19 th century. Special attention is devoted to presenting the content and accessibility of archival materials. By comparing maps from the Franziscean Cadastre with current land use, we successfully determined the changes, particularly in the rural cultural landscape. A general trend in Slovenia is the selective abandoning of farm land, which has had a great impact on the appearance of the landscape: cultivated fields become meadows, once cultivated areas on less favourable sites are overgrown by forest, and the same occurs with pastures. On the basis of case studies, we established the great usefulness and value of the Franziscean Cadastre, which still exists for almost the entire territory of today's Slovenia. IZVLE^EK: Cilj ~lanka je prikazati uporabo franciscejskega katastra pri preu~evanju pretekle rabe tal in s tem rekonstrukcijo kmetijske kulturne pokrajine 19. stoletja. Posebno pozornost smo namenili prikazu vsebin in dostopnosti arhivskih fondov. S primerjavo map omenjenega katastra z dana{njo rabo tal smo uspe{no ugotavljali spremembe, predvsem v kmetijski kulturni pokrajini. Splo{en trend v Sloveniji je selektivno opu{~anje kmetijskih zemlji{~, kar ima velik vpliv na podobo pokrajine: njive se spreminjajo v travnike, trajni nasadi na manj ugodnih legah se zara{~ajo v gozd, prav tako pa{niki. Na osnovi primerov smo ugotovili veliko uporabnost in vrednost franciscejskega katastra, ki je ohranjen domala za celotno ozemlje dana{nje Slovenije. KLJU^NE BESEDE: zgodovinski viri, franciscejski kataster, raba tal, spremembe rabe tal, kulturna pokrajina, Slovenija.Prispevek je pri{el v uredni{tvo 17. septembra 2004.

Josephian cadastre as a source of geographic information on historical landscapes

“…Olah, Boltižiar 2009;Skaloš, Molnárová, Kottová 2012;Hendrych, Storm, Pacini 2013). Mapy SK však poněkud odvádějí pozornost od textových částí tohoto historického pramene -písemného a vceňovacího operátu, obsahujícího informace o jednotlivých parcelách, jejich majitelích, bonitě půdy atd., které mohou poskytnout ještě detailnější pohled na socioekonomické aspekty kulturní krajiny 19. století (Petek, Urbanc 2004;Ungureanu 2009;Dvořák 2010). Brůna, Křováková a Nedbal (2005) spatřují relativně nízký vědecký zájem o tyto operáty především v náročnosti jejich interpretace (jsou psány v němčině, novogotickým kurzívním písmem -tzv.…”

Preučevanje zgodovinskih pokrajin s pomočjo starih kart, s poudarkom na lokacijski natančnosti

“…Sprague, Iwasaki and Takahashi (2007) employed old Japanese maps Jinsoku Sukozu in the examination of rice paddy persistence. Petek and Urbanc (2004) accomplished the reconstruction of historical rural landscape in Slovenia taking advantage of maps from stable cadastre. Old cadastre maps were also used in studies of Cousins (2001) and Domaas (2007).…”

Six Decades of Human Geography and Environmental Protection in Acta geographica Slovenica

“…This has been an independent area of research since the late 1990s. Nearly half of the articles have addressed it as a palpable material unit of geographical reality, in which they thematize the cadastral survey under Emperor Francis I as being key to understanding it (Petek and Urbanc 2004), terraced landscapes in Slovenia (A`man Momirski and Kladnik 2009), landscape changes in the low-elevation karst of White Carniola (Pau{i~ and ^arni 2012), and its evaluation and opportunities for future development based on the case of Krk, the largest Adriatic island (Rechner Dika et al 2011). Other articles follow the modern trends of studying the cultural landscape, which is more of an intangible, felt, and perceived concept than something material (Ku~an 1997; Urbanc et al 2004;Staut, Kova~iã nd Ogrin 2007;Urbanc 2008;Fridl, Urbanc and Pipan 2009).…”