“…In 1990, based on the idea of quasisymmetry, Väisälä developed a "dimension-free" theory of quasiconformal mappings in infinite-dimensional Banach spaces and obtained many beautiful results. See also [15,16,17,18,19]. In 1998, Heinonen and Koskela [3] showed that these concepts, quasiconformality and quasisymmetry, are quantitatively equivalent in a large class of metric spaces, which includes Euclidean spaces.…”