The Frequency of Palmaris Longus Absence among Female Students in King Faisal University in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Alabbad, Aqilah; Alkhamis, Marwah; Alsultan, M A; Alahmad, Sarah

doi:10.21608/ejhm.2018.9399

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The appearance of the PL muscle was commonly reported to be variable in population, races and hereditary traits [8], [9], [22]- [24]. In our study, the palmaris longus muscle was present in 253 subjects (94.1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…In this present study which included medical and healthrelated science students that were well knowledgeable in Anatomy, it was easy to use the three combined physical tests as used by [8], for examining the presence or absence of the palmaris longus (PL) muscle tendon. Although, it was observed that individuals with large body size required palpation as the final confirmatory examination for the absence or presence of PL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three testing methods used to assess the absence/presence of the palmaris longus (PL) muscle tendon were the Schaeffer's test, Thompson's test and the Pushpakumar's test [8]. Schaeffer's test was performed by asking the student to oppose the thumb to the little finger and then flex the wrist slightly.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to the muscle's superficial location, length, diameter, and the unobstructed functionality of the upper limb if the PL is removed, it can be used for reconstructive surgeries, tendon transfer and tendon surgeries [7]. It is also used by plastic surgeons in treatment of facial paralysis, lip augmentation, restoration of lip and chin defects and in repairing ptosis [8], [9]. In addition, the PL tendon can also be harvested to repair arthritis of the thumb and to repair oncologic defects of the head and neck [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, attempts have been made to correlate the absence of Palmaris longus with ethnicity [6], [18], median nerve [7], gender [4], [19], body side [9], [20], age [8], [9] and dominant hand [15]. Only a few studies associated the muscle's absence with some or all of these parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Incidence of Palmaris Longus Muscle and Its Association with the Biodemographic Data of Medical and Allied Health Science Students

Oviosun,

Chukwu,

Oviosun

et al. 2023

EJMED

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Background: The Palmaris longus (PL) muscle is one of the most anatomically variable muscles in the human body. The presence or absence of the muscle tendon is relevant information to hand and plastic surgeons. The muscle tendon can be harvested for reconstructive surgeries, tendon transfer and tendon surgeries, facial paralysis, repair ptosis, arthritis of the thumb and to repair oncologic defects of the head and neck. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the incidence of PL and its association with the study participant’s age, gender and geo-political region of origin. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on students that were taught ‘muscles of the forearm’ during the 2021/2022 academic session of the Edo state university, Uzairue, Nigeria. Bio-demographic data was retrieved using a self-structured hard-copy questionnaire. Schaeffer’s, Thompson’s and Pushpakumar’s testing methods were used to assess the absence/presence of PL. Data was entered into Microsoft Office Excel 2019 and exported to IBM SPSS version 23 for analysis. Fisher’s and Pearson chi-square tests were used to determine association. Probability values < 0.05 were accepted as significant. Results: Of the 294 enrolled students taught the topic “muscle of the forearm” during the 2021/2022 academic session, 269 (91%) students willingly participated in this study. 155 were females (57.6%), and 114 were males (42.4%). Out of the 269 students assessed, 253 (94.1%) students had the PL tendon in both hands, nine (3.3%) students didn’t have the tendon in both hands, seven (2.6%) students didn’t have the tendon in either the left hand (2.2%) or the right hand (0.4%). While, gender was a significant predictor for left- and right-hand values of the absence or presence of PL muscle tendon (p < 0.05), age and geo-political zone of origin was not (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The Palmaris muscle varied in only 5.9% of our study population. It was found that the occurrence of PL is gender dependent but not dependent on age or the individual’s region of origin. The absence of the muscle was common in females and on the left hand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Incidence of Palmaris Longus Muscle and Its Association with the Biodemographic Data of Medical and Allied Health Science Students

Oviosun,

Chukwu,

Oviosun

et al. 2023

EJMED

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Prevalence of palmaris longus agenesis among the Urhobo of Delta State, Nigeria

Enakpoya,

Ominde,

Destiny

et al. 2023

AMJM

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Background: Palmaris longus (PL) is one of the most common muscles in the human body that has anatomical variants of surgical importance. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the frequency of PL agenesis among Urhobo people in Delta State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study adopted the cross-sectional design, conducted among 400 Urhobo subjects (182 males and 218 females) from the student population of Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, using the nonprobability convenience sampling technique. We performed Schaeffer’s test to detect the PL tendon in the subjects. If the tendon was still not visualized or palpable, two additional tests (Thompson’s and Pushpakumar’s tests) were conducted. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 21.0. The findings were summarized in percentages, while the Chi-square test was used to assess the association of PL agenesis with laterality and gender. Statistical significance was set at a P-value of less than 5%. Results: The tendon of PL was present in 309 (77.25%) and absent in 91 (22.75%) subjects. The agenesis of this muscle showed a significant association with laterality (P = 0.001) but lacked sexual dimorphism bilaterally (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The tendon of PL is absent among some subjects of the Urhobo ethnic group (22.75%). These subjects, therefore, may require alternative tendon sources for reconstructive surgeries.

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The palmaris longus muscle: A surface study of the population of North Cyprus

Aliyu

Tiryakioglu

2021

Marmara Medical Journal

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Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the frequency of surface anatomical variations of palmaris longus (PL) muscle in the population of North Cyprus and their association with gender, body side, and hand dominance. Materials and Methods: The presence of PL was determined in 1280 subjects (660 females and 620 males) using four testing methods; Schaeffer's test, the Thompson's test, Pushpakumar's test and the Bhattacharya's test. Where the presence of the PL could not be determined by any of these tests, palpation was performed as the final confirmatory test. Results: The overall frequency of absence was 17.4%. Female subjects showed a higher frequency of absence of 10.6% compared to males (6.8%). The absence was more likely to occur in the non-dominant hand. In those that had the PL, there were 28 (2.6%) cases of a split tendon and 3 cases (0.2%) of a laterally displaced tendon of the PL. Conclusion: The overall frequency of absence of PL in North Cyprus was 17.4% and absence is more likely to occur in females, on the left side and in the non-dominant hand. Other variations recorded are the split tendons and laterally displaced tendons.

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The Frequency of Palmaris Longus Absence among Female Students in King Faisal University in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The Incidence of Palmaris Longus Muscle and Its Association with the Biodemographic Data of Medical and Allied Health Science Students

The Incidence of Palmaris Longus Muscle and Its Association with the Biodemographic Data of Medical and Allied Health Science Students

Prevalence of palmaris longus agenesis among the Urhobo of Delta State, Nigeria

The palmaris longus muscle: A surface study of the population of North Cyprus

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