The Frequency of the Clinical Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada postmenopozal kadınlarda osteoporoz ile ilişkilendirilen klinik risk faktörlerinin sıklığı belirlendi. Hastalar ve yöntemler: Bu kesitsel, gözlemsel, çokmerkezli çalışmada toplam 730 postmenopozal kadın osteoporozun klinik risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmede şu klinik risk faktörlerinin kaydedildiği standart bir sorgulama formu kullanıldı: ailesel ve kişisel kırık öyküsü, uzamış hareketsizlik, güneş maruziyeti, yaşam boyu hareketsiz yaşam biçimi, sigara kullanımı, çocukluk ve erişkinlik döneminde düşük kalsiyum alımı, aşırı kafein alımı, yüksek sodyum alımı, yetersiz protein alımı, gebelik sayısı, menopoz yaşı, prematür menopoz varlığı, primer ve sekonder amenore, tıbbi hastalıklar ve kronik reçeteli ilaç kullanımı. Bulgular: Osteoporoz açısından en sık rastlanan klinik risk faktörleri, yetersiz güneş maruziyeti (%53.3), mevcut hareketsiz yaşam biçimi (%52.9), erişkin (%45.1) ve çocukluk çağında (%41.9) düşük kalsiyum alımı ve ergenlik döneminde hareketsiz yaşam biçimi (%27.9) idi. Toplam 707 hasta (%96.5) birden fazla klinik risk faktörü tanımlarken, hastaların %74.3'ü sekonder osteoporoz açısından en az bir klinik risk faktörü bildirdi. Sonuç: Yeterli güneş maruziyeti, çocukluktan itibaren beslenmede yeterli kalsiyum alımı ve hareketli bir yaşam biçimi, postmenopozal kadınların osteoporozdan korunmasında rol oynayabilir. Buna ilave olarak, hekimler bu hasta grubundaki yüksek sekonder osteoporoz olasılığının farkında olmalıdırlar.Anahtar sözcükler: Osteoporoz; postmenopozal; risk faktörü.Objectives: This study aims to identify the frequency of clinical risk factors associated with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Patients and methods:In this cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study, a total of 730 postmenopausal women were assessed for risk factors associated with osteoporosis. The assessment included a standardized questionnaire which recorded the following clinical risk factors: family and personal histories of fractures, prolonged immobilization, sun exposure, lifelong sedentary lifestyle, smoking history, low calcium intake in childhood and adulthood, excessive caffeine intake, high sodium intake, inadequate protein intake, number of pregnancies, age at menopause, the presence of premature menopause, primary and secondary amenorrhea, medical conditions, and chronic use of prescription drugs. Results: The most frequent clinical risk factors for osteoporosis were inadequate sun exposure (53.3%), current sedentary lifestyle (52.9%), low calcium intake in adulthood (45.1%) and childhood (41.9%), and sedentary lifestyle in adolescence (27.9%). A total of 707 patients (96.5%) described more than one risk factor, while 74.3% of the patients reported one clinical risk factor at least for secondary osteoporosis. Conclusion: Adequate sun exposure and proper intake of dietary calcium beginning in childhood combined with lifelong daily physical activity may play a role in preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In addition, physicians should be aware of t...

Updated approach for the management of osteoporosis in Turkey: a consensus report

“…Additionally, falls are important and preventable complications that are due to a number of risk factors such as: lack of physical activity, muscle weakness, gait and balance problems, neuromuscular diseases, disability of the lower extremities, or impaired proprioception [15,16]. All these risk factors for OP and fractures, should be considered and addressed when managing a patient with suspected or diagnosed bone loss [17].…”

Still a Major Concern: Osteoporosis Has a Serious Impact on Quality of Life

“…The most frequent clinical risk factors for OP were inadequate sun exposure, current sedentary lifestyle, low calcium intake in adulthood and childhood, and sedentary lifestyle in adolescence. A total of 707 patients described more than one risk factor, while 74.3% of the patients reported one clinical risk factor at least for secondary OP (6). The authors stated that, adequate sun exposure and proper intake of dietary calcium beginning in childhood combined with lifelong daily physical activity may play a role in preventing OP in postmenopausal women.…”

“…The authors stated that, adequate sun exposure and proper intake of dietary calcium beginning in childhood combined with lifelong daily physical activity may play a role in preventing OP in postmenopausal women. In addition, physicians should be aware of the high probability of secondary OP in this patient group (6). A number of web-based tools to enable the inclusion of clinical risk factors, with or without BMD, in fracture prediction algorithms have been developed to improve the identification of individuals at high fracture risk, the most commonly used globally being FRAX®.…”