The function of mitochondria-rich cells (chloride cells) in teleost gills

Jürss, K.; Bastrop, Ralf

doi:10.1007/bf00179758

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Collectively, these studies on the responses of salmonids to alkaline water suggest that CC populations are very labile, a phenomenon already reported in relation to other environmental circumstances (Laurent and Dunel 1980;Pisam et al 1987;Laurent et al 1994; see also the reviews of Jürss andBastrop 1995 andPerry 1997). One problem encountered in the present study was that normal, functional CCs coexisted with a large population of apoptotic and, to a lesser extent, Fig.…”

Section: Morphometry and Ion Exchangesupporting

confidence: 63%

The effect of highly alkaline water (pH 9.5) on the morphology and morphometry of chloride cells and pavement cells in the gills of the freshwater rainbow trout: relationship to ionic transport and ammonia excretion

et al. 2000

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Exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to alkaline water (pH 9.5) impairs ammonia excretion (JAmm) and gill-mediated ion-exchange processes, as characterized by decreased Cl- (JC1in) and Na+ influx (JNain) across the gill. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that the depression of JC1in was concomitant with an early decrease in the population of the most active chloride cells (CCs), partly compensated for by an increasing number of immature CCs. However, within 72 h after the onset of exposure to alkaline water, there was a 2-fold increase in the fractional apical surface area of CCs that paralleled complete recovery of the maximal Cl- influx rate (JC1max). These results suggest that recovery of JC1max was associated with greater CC surface area, resulting in more transport sites on the gill epithelium. Morphometric analysis of the outermost layer of pavement cells on the lamellar epithelium showed a greater density of microvilli during exposure to alkaline water, which may have contributed to partial restoration of the number of Na+ transport sites (JNamax). Finally, the blood-to-water gill-diffusion distance decreased by 27% after 72 h at pH 9.5, and likely contributed to progressive restoration of ammonia excretion in alkaline water.

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Section: Morphometry and Ion Exchangesupporting

confidence: 63%

The effect of highly alkaline water (pH 9.5) on the morphology and morphometry of chloride cells and pavement cells in the gills of the freshwater rainbow trout: relationship to ionic transport and ammonia excretion

et al. 2000

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“…Similarly, immunoreactivity for tCAc was present equally in Na + /K + -ATPase immunopositive and immunonegative cells (Fig.·2). The abundant tubular system that characterizes MR cells houses ion-transporting enzymes, such as Na + /K + -ATPase (Jürss and Bastrop, 1995;Perry, 1997), and therefore high levels of this enzyme, assessed biochemically or through fluorescence microscopy, are frequently used as a tool to identify MR cells (e.g. Li et al, 1995;Wilson et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of branchial carbonic anhydrase in acid-base regulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Georgalis

Perry

Gilmour

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY The objective of the present study was to examine the branchial distribution of the recently identified rainbow trout cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase isoform (tCAc) and to investigate its role in the regulation of acid-base disturbances in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In situ hybridization using an oligonucleotide probe specific to tCAc revealed tCAc mRNA expression in both pavement cells and mitochondria-rich cells (chloride cells). Similarly, using a homologous polyclonal antibody,tCAc immunoreactivity was localized to pavement cells and mitochondria-rich cells in the interlamellar region and along the lamellae of the gills. Exposure of rainbow trout to hypercarbia (∼0.8% CO2) for 24 h resulted in significant increases in tCAc mRNA expression (∼20-fold;quantified by real-time PCR) and protein levels (∼1.3-fold; quantified by western analysis) but not enzyme activity (assessed on crude gill homogenates using the delta-pH CA assay). Inhibition of branchial CA activity in vivo using acetazolamide reduced branchial net acid excretion significantly by 20%. This effect was enhanced to a 36% reduction in branchial net acid excretion by subjecting the trout to hypercarbia (∼0.8%CO2) for 10 h prior to acetazolamide injection, an exposure that significantly increased branchial net acid excretion. The results of the present study support the widely held premise that branchial intracellular CA activity (tCAc) plays a key role in regulating acid-base balance in freshwater teleost fish.

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“…Given that mineral metabolism in fish is under hormonal control, and is linked to osmoregulation and dietary mineral intake, disciplines such as fish endocrinology, fish physiology, and fish nutrition are interested in fish skeletal remodelling. General information about calciotropic hormones, osmoregulation, and nutrition in teleosts can be found in Urist et al (1972), Flik & Verbost (1995), Jurss & Bastrop (1995), Sasayama (1999), Perry et al (2003) and Lall & Lewis‐McCrea (2007). Other studies focus on particular hormones and vitamins that can influence teleost bone metabolism: calcitonin (Lopez et al , 1976; Arlot‐Bonnemains & Fouchereau‐Peron, 1984), stanniocalcin (Verbost & Fenwick, 1995; Barlet et al , 1998; Amemiya, Irwin & Youson, 2006), vitamin D (Graff et al , 2002), thyroid hormone (Sæle et al , 2003; Okada, Tanaka & Tagawa, 2003; Takagi et al , 1994; Sbaihi et al , 2007), parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone‐related protein (Danks et al , 1993, 2003; Trivett et al , 1999; Guerreiro et al , 2007), prolactin (Power, 2005), estrogen and testosterone (Urasa et al , 1984; Persson et al , 2000; Guerreiro et al , 2002), melatonin (Suzuki & Hattori, 2002; Fjelldal et al , 2004), leptin (Baker et al , 2000), and growth hormone (Takagi et al , 1992).…”

Section: The Functions Of Teleost Skeletal Remodellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative view on mechanisms and functions of skeletal remodelling in teleost fish, with special emphasis on osteoclasts and their function

2009

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Resorption and remodelling of skeletal tissues is required for development and growth, mechanical adaptation, repair, and mineral homeostasis of the vertebrate skeleton. Here we review for the first time the current knowledge about resorption and remodelling of the skeleton in teleost fish, the largest and most diverse group of extant vertebrates. Teleost species are increasingly used in aquaculture and as models in biomedical skeletal research. Thus, detailed knowledge is required to establish the differences and similarities between mammalian and teleost skeletal remodelling, and between distantly related species such as zebrafish (Danio rerio) and medaka (Oryzias latipes). The cellular mechanisms of differentiation and activation of osteoclasts and the functions of teleost skeletal remodelling are described. Several characteristics, related to skeletal remodelling, distinguish teleosts from mammals. These characteristics include (a) the absence of osteocytes in most species; (b) the absence of haematopoietic bone marrow tissue; (c) the abundance of small mononucleated osteoclasts performing non-lacunar (smooth) bone resorption, in addition to or instead of multinucleated osteoclasts; and (d) a phosphorus- rather than calcium-driven mineral homeostasis (mainly affecting the postcranial dermal skeleton). Furthermore, (e) skeletal resorption is often absent from particular sites, due to sparse or lacking endochondral ossification. Based on the mode of skeletal remodelling in early ontogeny of all teleosts and in later stages of development of teleosts with acellular bone we suggest a link between acellular bone and the predominance of mononucleated osteoclasts, on the one hand, and cellular bone and multinucleated osteoclasts on the other. The evolutionary origin of skeletal remodelling is discussed and whether mononucleated osteoclasts represent an ancestral type of resorbing cells. Revealing the differentiation and activation of teleost skeletal resorbing cells, in the absence of several factors that trigger mammalian osteoclast differentiation, is a current challenge. Understanding which characters of teleost bone remodelling are derived and which characters are conserved should enhance our understanding of the process in fish and may provide insights into alternative pathways of bone remodelling in mammals.

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The function of mitochondria-rich cells (chloride cells) in teleost gills

Cited by 36 publications

References 117 publications

The effect of highly alkaline water (pH 9.5) on the morphology and morphometry of chloride cells and pavement cells in the gills of the freshwater rainbow trout: relationship to ionic transport and ammonia excretion

The effect of highly alkaline water (pH 9.5) on the morphology and morphometry of chloride cells and pavement cells in the gills of the freshwater rainbow trout: relationship to ionic transport and ammonia excretion

The role of branchial carbonic anhydrase in acid-base regulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

A comparative view on mechanisms and functions of skeletal remodelling in teleost fish, with special emphasis on osteoclasts and their function

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