The functional design of the rotary enzyme ATP synthase is consistent with maximum entropy production

Dewar, Roderick C.; Juretić, Davor; Županović, Paško

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2006.08.095

Cited by 45 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Regardless of the exact mechanism of enhancement of ATP synthesis due to granal stacking, because the ATP synthase is optimized for MaxEP for a given set of constraints [47], granal stacking appears to alter one or more of the constraints, thereby allowing the ATP synthase to produce entropy at a greater rate than it would in the absence of granal stacking.…”

Section: In the Light Granal Stacking Accelerates Non-cyclic Atp Synmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…maximizes the rate of entropy increase, rather than maximizing entropy), subject to the prevailing constraints, because its state of maximum entropy production (MaxEP) is the most probable sum of its microscopic parts [46]. It has been concluded from theoretical calculations coupled with experimental measurements that the ATP synthase may have been optimized during evolution for MaxEP [47], subject to constraints. At present, it is not clear whether granal stacking has evolved to increase entropy production.…”

Section: In the Light Granal Stacking Accelerates Non-cyclic Atp Synmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acclimation of leaves to low light produces large grana: the origin of the predominant attractive force at work

Jia

Liggins

Chow

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Photosynthetic membrane sacs (thylakoids) of plants form granal stacks interconnected by nonstacked thylakoids, thereby being able to fine-tune (i) photosynthesis, (ii) photoprotection and (iii) acclimation to the environment. Growth in low light leads to the formation of large grana, which sometimes contain as many as 160 thylakoids. The net surface charge of thylakoid membranes is negative, even in low-light-grown plants; so an attractive force is required to overcome the electrostatic repulsion. The theoretical van der Waals attraction is, however, at least 20-fold too small to play the role. We determined the enthalpy change, in the spontaneous stacking of previously unstacked thylakoids in the dark on addition of Mg 2þ , to be zero or marginally positive (endothermic). The Gibbs free-energy change for the spontaneous process is necessarily negative, a requirement that can be met only by an increase in entropy for an endothermic process. We conclude that the dominant attractive force in thylakoid stacking is entropy-driven. Several mechanisms for increasing entropy upon stacking of thylakoid membranes in the dark, particularly in low-light plants, are discussed. In the light, which drives the chloroplast far away from equilibrium, granal stacking accelerates non-cyclic photophosphorylation, possibly enhancing the rate at which entropy is produced.

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Section: In the Light Granal Stacking Accelerates Non-cyclic Atp Synmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In the Light Granal Stacking Accelerates Non-cyclic Atp Synmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation of leaves to low light produces large grana: the origin of the predominant attractive force at work

Jia

Liggins

Chow

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Although the MEP principle is rigorously valid only in a network of linear biochemical reactions they have found that this principle works very well even in the case of a non-linear network of biochemical reactions. Among other applications of the MEP principle we single out ones used to predict rate constants in relevant transitions of bacteriorhodopsin light-cycle and bacterial photosynthesis [40] and an optimal angular position for the ATP-binding transition in the ATPase nanomotor [41]. The successful applications of the MEP principle to these intramolecular transitions (predictions in qualitative agreement or close to experimental values) has encouraged us to test this principle as physical selection principle acting in concert with enzyme biological evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme kinetics and the maximum entropy production principle

Dobovišek

Županović

Brumen

et al. 2011

Biophysical Chemistry

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A general proof is derived that entropy production can be maximized with respect to rate constants in any enzymatic transition. This result is used to test the assumption that biological evolution of enzyme is accompanied with an increase of entropy production in its internal transitions and that such increase can serve to quantify the progress of enzyme evolution. The state of maximum entropy production would correspond to fully evolved enzyme. As an example the internal transition EP ES ↔ in a generalized reversible Michaelis-Menten three state scheme is analyzed. A good agreement is found among experimentally determined values of the forward rate constant in internal transitions EP ES → for three types of β -Lactamase enzymes and their optimal values predicted by the maximum entropy production principle, which agrees with earlier observations that β -Lactamase enzymes are nearly fully evolved. The optimization of rate constants as the consequence of basic physical principle, which is the subject of this paper, is completely different concept from a) net metabolic flux maximization or b) entropy production minimization (in the static head state), both also proposed to be tightly connected to biological evolution..

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“…The basic idea of the climate model of Paltridge is similar to the idea in e.g. [3] or [8] for chemical reactions. Paltridge divides the universe in compartments (sun, equator, pole and deep space) with energy fluxes between them, just as the chemical reaction system of ATP synthase in [3] consists of compartments (the different molecular states) with particle fluxes between them.…”

Section: Partial Steady State Maxepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] or [8] for chemical reactions. Paltridge divides the universe in compartments (sun, equator, pole and deep space) with energy fluxes between them, just as the chemical reaction system of ATP synthase in [3] consists of compartments (the different molecular states) with particle fluxes between them. In the Paltridge model, there is atmospheric heat transport from equator to pole, and its transport coefficient is § As was correctly noted in [2], this principle should not to be confused with the linear response minimum entropy production principle [11], which uses other constraints resulting in a minimum of the EP at the near-equilibrium steady state.…”

Section: Partial Steady State Maxepmentioning

confidence: 99%

A discussion on maximum entropy production and information theory

Bruers

2007

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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Abstract. We will discuss the maximum entropy production (MaxEP) principle based on Jaynes' information theoretical arguments, as was done by Dewar (2003Dewar ( , 2005. With the help of a simple mathematical model of a non-equilibrium system, we will show how to derive minimum and maximum entropy production. Furthermore, the model will help us to clarify some confusing points and to see differences between some MaxEP studies in the literature.

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The functional design of the rotary enzyme ATP synthase is consistent with maximum entropy production

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Acclimation of leaves to low light produces large grana: the origin of the predominant attractive force at work

Acclimation of leaves to low light produces large grana: the origin of the predominant attractive force at work

Enzyme kinetics and the maximum entropy production principle

A discussion on maximum entropy production and information theory

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