The Functional State of the Cardiovascular System in the Conditions of a Stress Test in Junior Female Students With Manifestations of Psycho-Emotional Imbalance

Abstract

Introduction. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system in junior female students with manifestations of maladaptation and excessive anxiety in conditions of stress. Research materials and methods. At the initial stage, 70 female students were examined using standardized questionnaires by Cohen and Spielberger. Based on the results of the survey, the main group of girls (n = 26) with signs of maladjustment and excessive anxiety, and the control group with negative survey results (n = 12) were formed. Female students in both groups were of the same age and had the same body mass index. At the second stage of the study, indicators of the cardiovascular system were studied among girls of both groups at the height of the cardiac stress test (CST) test according to the Cornell protocol. At the same time, the heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the stroke volume (CV), minute blood volume, and the index of the chronotropic and inotropic reserves of the heart were determined. Research results. It was established that the girls of the main group had a decrease in the tolerance of the CST to (103.85 ± 4.43) W, against the average indicator of (147.92 ± 6.86) W in the control group. The result obtained in the main group was accompanied by an early increase in HR, minute blood volume, SBP, and a decrease in indicators of inotropic and chronotropic reserves, a double product, which indicated the presence of hidden disorders of the regulatory mechanisms of the stress-limiting system. Changes in hemodynamics detected in female students of the main group correlated with low stress resistance, excessive anxiety. At the same time, in the control group of female students, hemodynamic indicators underwent changes at the late stage of the SCT, which indicated a better state of neurohumoral reserves. Conclusion. Timely detection of homeostasis disorders in adolescence and their consequences through the use of diagnostic tests and functional tests will make it possible to detect adaptation disorders and possible psychosomatic conditions in adolescent girls and to develop ways to prevent them or reduce clinical manifestations and improve the quality of life, including the learning process and further professional activity.