“…Many previous studies have attempted to improve the functionalities of meat products by using various functional ingredients, such as SavorPhos (blends of citrus flour and sodium carbonate) (Casco et al, 2013), dried plums (Jarvis et al, 2012, Jarvis et al, 2015), functional carbohydrates, including guar gum, carrageenan, alginic acid, and chitosan (Park et al, 2008), isolated soy protein (Rhee, 1994), collagen products (Prestes et al, 2013; Schilling et al, 2003), whey protein isolates (Youssef and Barbut, 2011), and modified tapioca starch, wheat bran, and sodium citrate (Ruusunen et al, 2003). Recently, new approaches for identifying phosphate alternatives have been attempted to satisfy the market demand for meat products with natural and clean labels.…”