The functionality of probiotics in aquaculture: An overview

El‐Saadony, Mohamed T.; Alagawany, Mahmoud; Patra, Amlan Kumar; Kar, Indrajit; Tiwari, Ruchi; Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.; Dhama, Kuldeep; Abdel‐Latif, Hany M.R.

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.007

Cited by 357 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…The reduced survival and growth of shrimp at higher stocking densities can be related to several factors including the availability of space for growth, competition for feed, cannibalism, and increased waste excretion leading to degraded water quality (Arnold et al, 2006;Wang and Gu, 2010;Ferreira et al, 2020;Luo et al, 2020). The high survival at high stocking density in this study might be attributed to the application of probiotics and molasses, because probiotics improve the resistance to adverse environments and the ability to tolerate stress (Martínez Cruz et al, 2012;Buruianǎ et al, 2014;Nemutanzhela et al, 2014;Olmos et al, 2020). The use of molasses increased the C/N ratio in the environment, which provided a beneficial environment for probiotics to assimilate nitrogenous waste (Avnimelech, 1999;Crab, 2010;Crab et al, 2012) and compete with pathogens, such as Vibrio spp.…”

Section: Shrimp Growthmentioning

confidence: 78%

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Chu

Brown

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Integrated aquaponic food production systems are capable of producing more food on less land using less water than conventional food systems, and marine systems offer the potential of conserving freshwater resources. However, there have been few evaluations of species combinations or operational parameters in marine aquaponics. The goal of this experiment was evaluation of stocking density ratio of Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to three edible halophytes (Atriplex hortensis, Salsola komarovii, and Plantago coronopus) with two C/N ratios in a 3 × 2 factorial design. There were three stocking density ratios (shrimp: plant), 2:1, 3:1, and 5:1; and two C/N ratios, 12 and 15. The results indicated that stocking density ratio exerted a significant impact on shrimp growth. Shrimp reared in 2:1 and 3:1 treatments had better growth performance. In contrast, plants were affected by both stocking density ratio and C/N ratio. Halophytes grown in stocking density ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 with a C/N ratio of 15 had better growth performance and nutrient content. The concentrations of TAN and NO2– were below 0.2 mg/L throughout the experiment, including the higher stocking density ratio treatments. In conclusion, the stocking density ratio of 3:1 with a C/N ratio of 15 was suggested as the optimal condition for the operation of marine aquaponics in which whiteleg shrimp and the three halophytes are target crops.

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Section: Shrimp Growthmentioning

confidence: 78%

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Chu

Brown

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Intensive fish production creates stressful conditions that negatively affect immune function [28], increasing the risk of infection caused by opportunistic bacteria. Therefore, preventive strategies that can improve aquatic animal health and reduce the risk of disease outbreaks must be adopted, such as the use of prebiotics and immunostimulants in feed formulation [29][30][31]. Immunostimulant and prebiotic activities after β-(1,3; 1,6)-glucans administration are well-recognized; thus, these compounds have been suggested as potential nutraceuticals or vaccine adjuvants to enhance immune responses [4,32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Status and Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity of Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata Juveniles Fed Yeast and Microalga Derived β-glucans

et al. 2021

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This work aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with β-glucans extracted from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and microalga (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) on gene expression, oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma immune parameters in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. A practical commercial diet was used as the control (CTRL), and three others based on CTRL were further supplemented with different β-glucan extracts. One was derived from S. cerevisiae (diet MG) and two different extracts of 21% and 37% P. tricornutum-derived β-glucans (defined as Phaeo21 and Phaeo37), to give a final 0.06% β-glucan dietary concentration. Quadruplicate groups of 95 gilthead seabream (initial body weight: 4.1 ± 0.1 g) were fed to satiation three times a day for 8 weeks in a pulse-feeding regimen, with experimental diets intercalated with the CTRL dietary treatment every 2 weeks. After 8 weeks of feeding, all groups showed equal growth performance and no changes were found in plasma innate immune status. Nonetheless, fish groups fed β-glucans supplemented diets showed an improved anti-oxidant status compared to those fed CTRL at both sampling points (i.e., 2 and 8 weeks). The intestinal gene expression analysis highlighted the immunomodulatory role of Phaeo37 diet after 8 weeks, inducing an immune tolerance effect in gilthead seabream intestine, and a general down-regulation of immune-related gene expression. In conclusion, the results suggest that the dietary pulse administration of a P. tricornutum 37% enriched-β-glucans extract might be used as a counter-measure in a context of gut inflammation, due to its immune-tolerant and anti-oxidative effects.

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“…Previous reports have shown that gut microbes synthesize many essential vitamins, non-essential amino acids, and other substances for the development of the host immune system ( Sudo et al, 2004 ). Probiotics, such as Lactobacillus , Akkermansia , and Lactococcus , produce exopolysaccharides, enhance intestinal barrier function, and maintain the balance of the intestinal microenvironment and modulate host immunity ( Newaj-Fyzul et al, 2014 ; EI-Saadony et al, 2021 ). The results revealed slight differences in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus , Akkermansia , and Lactococcus in zebrafish guts chronically exposed to TWTP effluents ( Supplementary Table 5 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Exposure to Textile Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents on Growth Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Microbiota in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

et al. 2021

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The ever-increasing production and processing of textiles will lead to greater risks of releasing pollutants into the environment. Textile wastewater treatment plants (TWTPs) effluent are an important source of persistent toxic pollutants in receiving water bodies. The effects of specific pollutants on organisms are usually studied under laboratory conditions, and therefore, comprehensive results are not obtained regarding the chronic combined effects of pollutants under aquatic environmental conditions. Thus, this study aimed to determine the combined effects of TWTP effluents on the growth performance, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and intestinal microbiota of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Exposure to TWTP effluents significantly inhibited growth, exacerbated the condition factor, and increased the mortality of adult zebrafish. Moreover, markedly decreases were observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, MDA, SOD, and T-AOC, mostly in the intestine and muscle tissues of zebrafish after 1 and 4 months of exposure. In addition, the results demonstrated that TWTP effluent exposure affected the intestinal microbial community composition and decreased community diversity. Slight changes were found in the relative abundance of probiotic Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, and Lactococcus in zebrafish guts after chronic TWTP effluent exposure. The chronic toxic effects of slight increases in opportunistic pathogens, such as Mycoplasma, Stenotrophomonas, and Vibrio, deserve further attention. Our results reveal that TWTP effluent exposure poses potential health risks to aquatic organisms through growth inhibition, oxidative stress impairment of the intestine and muscles, and intestinal microbial community alterations.

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The functionality of probiotics in aquaculture: An overview

Cited by 357 publications

References 167 publications

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Immune Status and Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity of Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata Juveniles Fed Yeast and Microalga Derived β-glucans

Effect of Chronic Exposure to Textile Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents on Growth Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Microbiota in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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