This essay examines Aristotle's critical review of Plato's Republic, the focus of which review is restricted, surprisingly, to Socrates' communistic political institutions; Aristotle hardly mentions any of the other important themes developed in the dialogue. For this reason commentators have charged Aristotle with misrepresenting Plato's intention. Against this view, the author finds in Aristotle's anticommunism the most incisive formulation of his political disagreement with Plato's Socrates. Communism will not promote the harmonious articulation of city and man, as Socrates suggest; rather, it undermines the integrity of the political community and precludes the proper development of the best human nature. Aristotle holds that communism thus disrupts the entelechies of both city and man. Modern critiques, by contrast, merely indicate the adverse effects of communism on economic productivity or efficiency. Thus Aristotle's anticommunism is seen to offer for our consideration a dimension of this important issue that is typically neglected in contemporary political argument.