The fungal dimension of biodiversity: magnitude, significance, and conservation

Hawksworth, D. L.

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80810-1

Cited by 1,217 publications

(730 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

661

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Fungi occur in Antarctic ice, tropical and temperate regions, surface of mountain rocks and seawater (Feofilova 2001). They represent an enormous source for natural products with diverse chemical structures and activities (Hawksworth 1991). Fungi produce a vast range of secondary metabolites and they are known for their capacity to secrete high levels of enzymes, antibiotics, vitamins, polysaccharides and organic acids (Meyer 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of the bioactive metabolites from the soil derived fungus Trichoderma viride

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present study was to evaluate different biological activities of Trichoderma viride fungus (Family Hypocreaceae). Trichoderma viride isolated for the first time from the cucumber soil (rhizosphere). It was tested as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer agent. Trichoderma viride from the cucumber soil (rhizosphere) caused inhibition of the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii. Also, the alcoholic extract of the fungal mycelia proved a potent antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens. In addition, it exhibited a significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporium, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum at 100 µg/disc. Study of the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the volatile constituents had been done. The in vitro antioxidant, anticancer and antiviral activities of the isolated proteins, and carbohydrates were determined. Furthermore, the volatile constituents were isolated from fresh mycelia of Trichoderma viride and subjected to GC/MS analysis. Total protein (10%), carbohydrate (19.57%), steroidal (13.95%) and triterpenoidal content (38.34%) were determined in the alcoholic extract of Trichoderma viride mycelia. In conclusion, this fungus showed antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral and antibacterial effects. Further studies must be done to identify the molecules responsible for its effect and to consider its application in the pharmacological and medicinal purposes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of the bioactive metabolites from the soil derived fungus Trichoderma viride

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The extent of fungal diversity on a global scale is a heavily debated issue (Hawksworth 1991(Hawksworth , 2001Schmit and Mueller 2007;Hyde 2001;Hyde et al 2007;Crous et al 2006). Extrapolations based on the total number of plant species and the assumption of a specific relationship between plant and fungal biodiversity have been used to get to estimates of 1.5 million or more existing species of fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungi are an essential functional component of terrestrial ecosystems as decomposers, symbionts and pathogens ) and they represent one of the most biodiverse groups of organisms on earth (Hawksworth 1991(Hawksworth , 2001). However, our knowledge of their diversity and ecological function in Neotropical lowland forests is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrofungal diversity in Colombian Amazon forests varies with regions and regimes of disturbance

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Here we present the results of fungal biodiversity studies from some selected Colombian Amazon forests in relationship to plant biodiversity and successional stages after slash and burn agriculture. Macrofungal diversity was found to differ between forests occurring in two regions (Araracuara vs Amacayacu) as well as between flooded forests and terra firme forests in the Amacayacu region. Macrofungal biodiversity differed between regeneration states of different age in the Araracuara region. Suitable substrates, especially dead wood that occurred as a result of recent slash and burn agriculture, resulted in the formation of many sporocarps of wood-inhabiting species. Putative ectomycorrhizal species were found in a dipterocarp forest. Fifty two percent of the macrofungal species could not be identified to the species level, but could be assigned to a genus, and it is likely that a significant portion of these represent species new to science. Long term studies are needed to obtain a comprehensive and complete understanding of the diversity and functioning of mycobiota in Amazon forest ecosystems.

show abstract

“…Los hongos son el segundo grupo más abundante en el mundo después de los insectos, y se estima que existen aproximadamente un millón y medio de especies (Hawksworth, 1991;Lodge, 2001), de las cuales solamente un poco más de 64.657 han sido descritas (Kirk et al, 2001). El desconocimiento de la flora micológica es significativo en la región tropical, por lo que se hace evidente la necesidad de realizar investigaciones que aporten al conocimiento de estos organismos en nuestros países.…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Conocimiento etnoecólogico de los hongos entre los indígenas Uitoto, Muinane y Andoke de la Amazonía Colombiana

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMENEl presente texto es el resultado de un compartir de conocimientos acerca de los hongos y sus relaciones ecológicas con animales y plantas, con las etnias Uitoto, Andoke y Muinane que habitan la región del medio Caquetá. Gran parte de la información ecológica encontrada está contenida en la tradición oral de estas etnias, y refleja la capacidad integradora y descriptiva que tienen los indígenas sobre el medio natural circundante. En la zona de estudio la madera es un sustrato muy abundante debido principalmente al tipo de agricultura que tienen los indígenas, y por tanto se desarrollan una gran cantidad de especies de hongos lignícolas. Muinanes, Uitotos y Andokes conocen algunas de las especies vegetales que sirven de sustrato para los hongos, sobretodo aquellas utilizadas en la alimentación tales como Lentinula raphanica y Lentinus scleropus, entre otros. El conocimiento ecológico que tienen estos indígenas sobre los hongos, incluye además datos acerca de cucarrones (Coleoptera) y larvas (Diptera), mamíferos como venados (Mazama americana y M. gouazoubira) y ardillas (Microsciurus flaviventer) y tortugas que incluyen los hongos en su dieta, así como sobre especies de hongos que parasitan plantas e insectos.PALABRAS CLAVES: Hongos comestibles, micofagia, mamíferos, insectos, Cordyceps. Conhecimento etnoecológico de fungos entre os indígenas uitoto, muinane e andoke da Amazônia ColombianaRESUMo O presente texto é o resultado de um intercâmbio de conhecimentos sobre os fungos e as suas relações ecológicas com animais e plantas, com as etnias Uitoto, Andoke e Muinane que habitam a região do Medio Caquetá. Grande parte da informação ecológica encontrada está contida na tradição oral destas etnias e reflete a capacidade integradora e descritiva que os indígenas possuem sobre o meio natural que os circunda. Na zona de estudo a madeira é um substrato abundante devido principalmente ao tipo de agricultura que os indígenas têm, portanto uma grande quantidade de espécies de fungos lignícolas se desenvolve perto dessas tribos. Os Muinanes, Uitotos e Andokes conhecem algumas das espécies vegetais que servem de subtstrato para os fungos, principalmente daquelas que eles utilizam na alimentação, como Lentinula raphanica e Lentinus scleropus, entre outros. O conhecimento ecológico que estes indígenas possuem sobre fungos inclui ainda dados de besouros (Coleoptera) e larvas (Diptera), mamíferos, como veados (Mazama americana e M. gouazoubira) e esquilos (Microsciurus flaviventer), e tartarugas que incluem fungos nas suas dietas, assim como sobre espécies de fungos que parasitam plantas e insetos.

show abstract

The fungal dimension of biodiversity: magnitude, significance, and conservation

Cited by 1,217 publications

References 51 publications

Isolation and characterization of the bioactive metabolites from the soil derived fungus Trichoderma viride

Isolation and characterization of the bioactive metabolites from the soil derived fungus Trichoderma viride

Macrofungal diversity in Colombian Amazon forests varies with regions and regimes of disturbance

Conocimiento etnoecólogico de los hongos entre los indígenas Uitoto, Muinane y Andoke de la Amazonía Colombiana

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About