The future of aviation soars with HTL-based SAFs: exploring potential and overcoming challenges using organic wet feedstocks

Usman, Muhammad; Cheng, Shuo; Boonyubol, Sasipa; Cross, Jeffrey S.

doi:10.1039/d3se00427a

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Dry fractionation, shown by methods like milling and air classification, offers an environmentally sustainable approach to protein extraction from leguminous sources [26]. This process involves finely milling materials to release starch and fragment protein bodies, facilitating the separation of larger starch granules or fiber-heavy particles from smaller protein-rich components [27].…”

Section: Dry Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Modification, Biofunctionality, and Food Applications of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Protein: An Up-to-Date Review

Patil,

Bains,

Sridhar

et al. 2024

Foods

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Plant-based proteins have gained popularity in the food industry as a good protein source. Among these, chickpea protein has gained significant attention in recent times due to its high yields, high nutritional content, and health benefits. With an abundance of essential amino acids, particularly lysine, and a highly digestible indispensable amino acid score of 76 (DIAAS), chickpea protein is considered a substitute for animal proteins. However, the application of chickpea protein in food products is limited due to its poor functional properties, such as solubility, water-holding capacity, and emulsifying and gelling properties. To overcome these limitations, various modification methods, including physical, biological, chemical, and a combination of these, have been applied to enhance the functional properties of chickpea protein and expand its applications in healthy food products. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively examine recent advances in Cicer arietinum (chickpea) protein extraction techniques, characterizing its properties, exploring post-modification strategies, and assessing its diverse applications in the food industry. Moreover, we reviewed the nutritional benefits and sustainability implications, along with addressing regulatory considerations. This review intends to provide insights into maximizing the potential of Cicer arietinum protein in diverse applications while ensuring sustainability and compliance with regulations.

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Section: Dry Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Modification, Biofunctionality, and Food Applications of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Protein: An Up-to-Date Review

Patil,

Bains,

Sridhar

et al. 2024

Foods

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“…Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stands as a progressive technology in waste management and sustainable energy. It operates under moderate conditions, typically 250–350 °C and 5–25 MPa, distinguishing itself by converting various feedstocks, including wet and dry SS, into biocrude, organically rich aqueous phase, solid biochar, and gases . This technology offers considerable benefits, like waste volume reduction, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and resource extraction from SS. − However, challenges arise in managing heteroatoms [e.g., heterocyclic, oxygen (O), and sulfur (S)] and nitrogen (N) compounds in HTL products, particularly biocrude derived from protein-rich SS, necessitating innovative approaches to optimizing its use as biofuel. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Minimization in Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biocrude from Sewage Sludge with Green Extraction Solvents

Usman,

Cheng,

Boonyubol

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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This study explored the effectiveness of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in converting sewage sludge (SS) into high-quality biocrude. It scrutinized the influence of various solvents, including conventional choices like dichloromethane (DCM) and hexane, alongside environmentally friendly alternatives, such as ethyl butyrate (EB) and ethyl acetate (EA). HTL experiments, conducted at 350 °C for 60 min in a 20 mL batch reactor, include solvent-based biocrude extraction. Notably, EB showed the highest extraction yield (50.1 wt %), the lowest nitrogen distribution (5.4% with 0.32 wt %), and a remarkable 74% energy recovery (ER), setting a noteworthy benchmark in nitrogen reduction. GCMS analysis reveals EB-derived biocrude's superiority in having the least heteroatoms and nitrogenous compounds compared to hexane, EA, and DCM. Solid residues from hexane, EB, and EA displayed the highest nitrogen distribution range (62− 68%), hinting at potential applications in further processes. These findings significantly inform solvent selection for efficient and sustainable waste-to-energy conversion. While promising, the study emphasizes the need to explore solvent−solute interactions further to optimize biocrude quality, highlighting the pivotal role of solvent choice in advancing clean, cost-effective waste-to-energy technologies.

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Techno-Economic Analysis of Biojet Fuel Production

Kameswari,

Verma,

Kumar

2024

Clean Energy Production Technologies

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The future of aviation soars with HTL-based SAFs: exploring potential and overcoming challenges using organic wet feedstocks

Abstract: The aviation sector is responsible for a significant portion of the world's GHG emissions. In order to attain net-zero carbon emission targets by 2050, A transition to sustainable aviation fuel...

Cited by 7 publications

References 157 publications

Extraction, Modification, Biofunctionality, and Food Applications of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Protein: An Up-to-Date Review

Extraction, Modification, Biofunctionality, and Food Applications of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Protein: An Up-to-Date Review

Nitrogen Minimization in Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biocrude from Sewage Sludge with Green Extraction Solvents

Techno-Economic Analysis of Biojet Fuel Production

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