The future of cardanol as small giant for biobased aromatic polymers and additives

Caillol, Sylvain

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112096

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 98 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This T g value is significantly lower than those of the reference polymers poly(NHTL‐ alt ‐BO) and poly(NHTL‐ alt ‐ t BuGE) (37 and 44°C, respectively). This result can be easily explained by the pentadecyl side‐chain of cardanol, which decreases intermolecular interactions and is well‐known to provide flexibility to materials through the plasticizing effect 1 . As expected, the cross‐linking of poly(NHTL‐ alt ‐CGE) with dithiothreitol under thiol‐ene addition conditions led to an increase of the T g (8°C).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The unsaturation sites in the side‐chain of the CGE units could be used for further functionalization or cross‐linking reactions. In fact, they can be modified by a large range of well‐known reactions, such as hydrogenation, 1 epoxidation, 7,52 thiol‐ene coupling reaction, 53 methathesis, 54 or phenolation 55 . In a preliminary experiment, the allyl groups of poly(NHTL‐ alt ‐CGE) (Table 1, run 7) were reacted with difunctional dithiothreitol by thiol‐ene addition in the presence of AIBN at 70°C in toluene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardanol is directly derived from anacardic acid, the main component of abundant and low‐cost cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), which is considered as one of the most promising renewable feedstock 1 . CNSL is a co‐product and a non‐edible oil with no‐impact on the food supply chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ring‐opening (co)polymerization of cardanol glycidyl ether

Mongkhoun,

Charmi,

Grier‐‐Boisgontier

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The anionic ring‐opening copolymerization of commercially available bio‐based cardanol glycidyl ether (CGE) was investigated without any prior purification. As a first step, anionic‐ring‐opening homopolymerization was attempted through active chain‐end and monomer‐activated mechanisms. Both strategies were unsuccessful. Conversely, in a second step, the anionic alternating ring‐opening copolymerization (AAROP) of CGE with the renewable N‐acetyl homocysteine thiolactone (NHTL) was successfully carried out in the presence of a strong base. Anisole, a solvent classified as sustainable and rarely used in anionic ring‐opening polymerization, proved to be a suitable for the AAROP. This polymerization is an unusual example of synthesis of linear polyesters with cardanol‐based monomers. The copolymers were carefully characterized by 1H, 13C, COSY, HSQC, 1H‐15N NMR and MALDI‐ToF, demonstrating an alternating structure. Then, CGE was copolymerized with NHTL and another additional epoxide. The cardanol‐derived monomers enable the preparation of functionalizable poly(ester‐alt‐thioether) bearing multiple allyl and alkene groups. The AAROP method in anisole offers new opportunity for green anionic polymerization through the use of sustainable chemicals, witnessed by the valorization of cardanol‐derived compounds and expands the scope of synthesized renewable polyesters.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ring‐opening (co)polymerization of cardanol glycidyl ether

Mongkhoun,

Charmi,

Grier‐‐Boisgontier

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As shown in Figure 10, its phenolic group can be modified by etherification or esterification, whereas various additions and epoxidations can be performed on the unsaturated bonds of the C15 alkyl chain. Therefore, increasing research is being conducted on cardanol, including the development of industrial applications 79,80 …”

Section: Cardanol‐based Plasticizers With High Thermal Stability and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of biobased plasticizers with synergistic effects of plasticization, thermal stabilization, and migration resistance: A review

Han,

Weng,

Zhang

2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasticizers are widely used in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic starch (TPS), and other modified powder materials to enhance the flowability, flexibility, and processability of macromolecules. Because of the reprotoxicity of phthalates in animals and humans, certain phthalates have recently been banned in the United States and Europe. Biobased plasticizers from green biomass–derived renewable resources with low toxicity are expected to be a substitute for phthalates. Among a variety of newly developed biobased monomers, cardanol, and isosorbide are the two most promising materials because of their unique structural features. This review summarizes the research progress of cardanol‐ and isosorbide‐based plasticizers with synergistic effects of plasticization, thermal stabilization, and anti‐migration. By summarizing and analyzing the relationship between molecular structure of plasticizer and plasticizing performance, this review can provide theoretical guidance for future research on the design of isosorbide‐ and cardanol‐based plasticizers.Highlights Biobased plasticizers with low toxicity are expected to replace certain phthalates. The plasticizing effect of single biobased plasticizer is not good. Biobased plasticizer with synergistic effects is required. There exists the trade‐off effect between the molecular weight and the compatibility. Epoxidized isosorbide ester can be used as a heat stabilizer.

show abstract

“…Cardanol, as a phenol-like bio-based material extracted from cashew nut shell oil, has attracted increasing attention due to its unique structure, inedible nature, sustainability, and degradability. − Similar to phenol, the cardanol molecule contains a phenolic hydroxyl group and a rigid benzene ring. Meanwhile, it also has unsaturated C 15 alkane side chains, as shown in Figure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored Acid Carrier Acidity for the Controlled C═C Peracid Epoxidation of Cardanol-Based Materials with Different Polarities

Yang,

Zhang,

Chu

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The future of cardanol as small giant for biobased aromatic polymers and additives

Cited by 28 publications

References 98 publications

Ring‐opening (co)polymerization of cardanol glycidyl ether

Ring‐opening (co)polymerization of cardanol glycidyl ether

Development of biobased plasticizers with synergistic effects of plasticization, thermal stabilization, and migration resistance: A review

Tailored Acid Carrier Acidity for the Controlled C═C Peracid Epoxidation of Cardanol-Based Materials with Different Polarities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About