The future of in-field sports biomechanics: wearables plus modelling compute real-time
            <i>in vivo</i>
            tissue loading to prevent and repair musculoskeletal injuries

Lloyd, David G.

doi:10.1080/14763141.2021.1959947

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…Accordingly, new technologies such as wearable sensors (e.g. inertial measurement units, foot force/pressure sensing insoles) and marker-less motion tracking combined with evolving machine learning algorithms may help to advance insights into the inter-limb braking demands of horizontal deceleration, alongside whole body deceleration performance outcomes [ 51 , 125 ]. Given that horizontal decelerations during match play are largely unanticipated, future research should seek to determine how the importance of the biomechanical and neuromuscular determinants identified here for pre-planned horizontal deceleration ability might differ in their associations with un-anticipated horizontal deceleration ability.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Performance Requirements of Horizontal Deceleration: A Review with Implications for Random Intermittent Multi-Directional Sports

et al. 2022

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Rapid horizontal accelerations and decelerations are crucial events enabling the changes of velocity and direction integral to sports involving random intermittent multi-directional movements. However, relative to horizontal acceleration, there have been considerably fewer scientific investigations into the biomechanical and neuromuscular demands of horizontal deceleration and the qualities underpinning horizontal deceleration performance. Accordingly, the aims of this review article are to: (1) conduct an evidence-based review of the biomechanical demands of horizontal deceleration and (2) identify biomechanical and neuromuscular performance determinants of horizontal deceleration, with the aim of outlining relevant performance implications for random intermittent multi-directional sports. We highlight that horizontal decelerations have a unique ground reaction force profile, characterised by high-impact peak forces and loading rates. The highest magnitude of these forces occurs during the early stance phase (< 50 ms) and is shown to be up to 2.7 times greater than those seen during the first steps of a maximal horizontal acceleration. As such, inability for either limb to tolerate these forces may result in a diminished ability to brake, subsequently reducing deceleration capacity, and increasing vulnerability to excessive forces that could heighten injury risk and severity of muscle damage. Two factors are highlighted as especially important for enhancing horizontal deceleration ability: (1) braking force control and (2) braking force attenuation. Whilst various eccentric strength qualities have been reported to be important for achieving these purposes, the potential importance of concentric, isometric and reactive strength, in addition to an enhanced technical ability to apply braking force is also highlighted. Last, the review provides recommended research directions to enhance future understanding of horizontal deceleration ability.

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Section: Limitations and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Performance Requirements of Horizontal Deceleration: A Review with Implications for Random Intermittent Multi-Directional Sports

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, every athlete (and so every patient) moves differently and such variability further complicates the interpretation of the data. Recent works are facing these issues by proposing innovative approaches (like Principal Component Analysis, joint coordination analysis) aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of patients’ motion [ 18 , 34 , 76 ]. The goal will be to cluster patients into safe or at-risk bands according to the biomechanical and neuromuscular profile.…”

Section: Smart Technology Requires Smart Thinking Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Return to sports after ACL injury 5 years from now: 10 things we must do

et al. 2022

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Background The outcome after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is in general disappointing with unacceptable number of athletes that do not return to pre-injury level of sports, high re-injury rates, early development of osteoarthritis and shorter careers. Athletes after ACLR have high expectation to return to sports which is in contrast with the current outcomes. The aim of this manuscript is to present an overview of factors that are needed to be incorporated and to personalize the rehabilitation process for an athlete who has undergone an ACLR. Level of evidence 4.

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“…However, the estimation of joint loads requires force platforms and can be rarely used outside the lab context. Different options have been proposed to overcome this issue such as the use of musculoskeletal models to predict ground reaction forces and ACL strains from IMUs peak accelerations (Di Paolo et al, 2021; Lloyd, 2021). Regression models and machine learning are state‐of‐art statistical approaches for joint loads estimation outside the laboratory (Giarmatzis, Zacharaki, & Moustakas, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing lab and field agility kinematics in young talented female football players: Implications for ACL injury prevention

Paolo

Nijmeijer

Bragonzoni

et al. 2022

European Journal of Sport Science

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Modifiable (biomechanical and neuromuscular) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk factors have been identified in laboratory settings. These risk factors were subsequently used in ACL injury prevention measures. Due to the lack of ecological validity, the use of on-field data in the ACL injury risk screening is increasingly advocated. Though, the kinematic differences between laboratory and on-field settings have never been investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the lower-limb kinematics of female footballers during agility movements performed both in laboratory and football field environments. Twenty-eight healthy young female talented football (soccer) players (14.9 ± 0.9 years) participated. Lower-limb joint kinematics was collected through wearable inertial sensors (Xsens Link) in three conditions: (1) laboratory setting during unanticipated sidestep cutting at 40-50°; on the football pitch (2) football-specific exercises (F-EX) and (3) football games (F-GAME). A hierarchical two-level random effect model in Statistical Parametric Mapping was used to compare joint kinematics among the conditions. Waveform consistency was investigated through Pearson's correlation coefficient and standardized z-score vector. In-lab kinematics differed from the on-field ones, while the latter were similar in overall shape and peaks. Lower sagittal plane range of motion, greater ankle eversion, and pelvic rotation were found for on-field kinematics (p < 0.044). The largest differences were found during landing and weight acceptance. The biomechanical differences between lab and field settings suggest the application of context-related adaptations in female footballers and have implications in ACL injury prevention strategies. Highlights. Talented youth female football players showed kinematical differences between the lab condition and the on-field ones, thus adopting a context-related motor strategy. . Lower sagittal plane range of motion, greater ankle eversion, and pelvic rotation were found on the field. Such differences pertain to the ACL injury mechanism and prevention strategies. . Preventative training should support the adoption of non-linear motor learning to stimulate greater self-organization and adaptability. . It is recommended to test football players in an ecological environment to improve subsequent primary ACL injury prevention programmes.

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The future of in-field sports biomechanics: wearables plus modelling compute real-time in vivo tissue loading to prevent and repair musculoskeletal injuries

Cited by 29 publications

References 199 publications

Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Performance Requirements of Horizontal Deceleration: A Review with Implications for Random Intermittent Multi-Directional Sports

Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Performance Requirements of Horizontal Deceleration: A Review with Implications for Random Intermittent Multi-Directional Sports

Return to sports after ACL injury 5 years from now: 10 things we must do

Comparing lab and field agility kinematics in young talented female football players: Implications for ACL injury prevention

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