The Future of Substance Abuse Now: Relationships among Adolescent Use of Vaping Devices, Marijuana, and Synthetic Cannabinoids

Tai, Hsiangyi; Swartz, Michael D.; Marsden, David; Perry, Cheryl L.

doi:10.1080/10826084.2020.1849305

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Given the known association of vaping synthetic cannabinoids with the development of airway-centered OP, 31 one could expect to see an increased incidence of the mixed and airway-centered OP patterns in states where recreational marijuana is illegal, given the known lacing of black market vapes with these substances. 51 Similarly, one could expect to see regional differences in imaging patterns based on local availability of supply. However, there was no significant difference in imaging patterns or severity of injury when states were divided based on the legal status of recreational marijuana or geography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Findings and Patterns of e-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury

Kligerman

Kay

Raptis

et al. 2021

Chest

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BACKGROUND: E-cigarette and vaping-induced lung injury (EVALI Q8) causes a spectrum of CT lung injury patterns. Relative frequencies and associations with vaping behavior are unknown.RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the frequencies of imaging findings and CT patterns in EVALI and what is the relationship to vaping behavior? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: CT scans of 160 subjects with EVALI from 15 institutions were retrospectively reviewed. CT findings and patterns were defined and agreed on via consensus. The parenchymal organizing pneumonia (OP) pattern was defined as regional or diffuse ground-glass opacity (GGO) AE consolidation without centrilobular nodules (CNs). An airway-centered OP pattern was defined as diffuse CNs with little or no GGO, whereas a mixed OP pattern was a combination of the two. Other patterns included diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), acute eosinophilic-like pneumonia, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Cases were classified as atypical if they did not fit into a pattern. Imaging findings, pattern frequencies, and injury severity were correlated with substance vaped (marijuana derives [tetrahydrocannabinol] [THC] only, nicotine derivates only, and both), vaping frequency, regional geography, and state recreational THC legality. One-way analysis of variance, c 2 test, and multivariable analyses were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 160 patients (79.4% men) with a mean age of 28.2 years (range, 15-68 years) with EVALI underwent CT scan. Seventy-seven (48.1%), 15 (9.4%), and 68 (42.5%) patients admitted to vaping THC, nicotine, or both, respectively. Common findings included diffuse or lower lobe GGO with subpleural (78.1%), lobular (59.4%), or peribronchovascular (PBV) sparing (40%). Septal thickening (50.6%), lymphadenopathy (63.1%), and CNs (36.3%) were common. PBV sparing was associated with younger age (P ¼ .02). Of 160 subjects, 156 (97.5%) had one of six defined patterns. Parenchymal, airway-centered, and mixed OP patterns were seen in 89 (55.6%), 14 (8.8%), and 32 (20%) patients, respectively. Acute eosinophilic-like pneumonia (six of 160, 3.8%), DAD (nine of 160, 5.6%), pulmonary hemorrhage (six of 160, 3.8%), and atypical (four of 160, 2.5%) patterns were less common.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Findings and Patterns of e-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury

Kligerman

Kay

Raptis

et al. 2021

Chest

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“…It is also worth reporting that from 2015 to 2018 (latest published data, among 12th graders only), cannabis smoking decreased, while cannabis vaping and the use of edibles increased [ 24 ]. From 2015 to 2018, for all students and among past-year cannabis users specifically, the prevalence of smoking cannabis was 2–3 times higher than the prevalence of vaping or use of edibles [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Vaping Among Youth and Young Adults: a Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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Purpose of Review The purpose of this review was to describe the state-of-the-literature on research specific to cannabis vaping among youth and young adults. Recent Findings Out of 1801 records identified, a total of 202 articles met eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review. Most of this literature (46.0% of studies) was specific to the health effects of cannabis vaping, particularly EVALI (e-cigarette and vaping associated lung injury). Other research areas identified in the review included the etiology (24.3%) and epidemiology (24.8%) of cannabis vaping, in addition to articles on regulation (8.4%) and marketing (5.5%) of the same. Summary Cannabis vaping is increasingly common among youth and young adults and more prevalent is settings where recreational use for adults has been legalized. The literature documents a number of negative health effects of cannabis vaping for young people, along with risk factors and reasons for the same.

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“…Regions that have reported a rise in prevalence of e-cigarette use in teenagers have included Canada, the USA, UK, and Central and Eastern Europe (prevalence of former use ranged from 20.0% to 43.7%) (Brożek et al 2019;Canada 2018;Fadus et al 2019). A large representative study found that e-cigarette use had nearly doubled in prevalence between 2017 and 2018 in senior high school students in the USA and that vaping cannabis had increased by 13% during this same period (prevalence of cannabis vaping was 34.5%) (Tai et al 2021). They also found an association between vaping and using synthetic cannabinoids in this population (Tai et al 2021).…”

Section: Vaping Cannabis Trends and Polysubstance Use In Teenagersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large representative study found that e-cigarette use had nearly doubled in prevalence between 2017 and 2018 in senior high school students in the USA and that vaping cannabis had increased by 13% during this same period (prevalence of cannabis vaping was 34.5%) (Tai et al 2021). They also found an association between vaping and using synthetic cannabinoids in this population (Tai et al 2021). A large nationally representative sample of youth in the USA found a high prevalence of cannabis vaping in teenagers.…”

Section: Vaping Cannabis Trends and Polysubstance Use In Teenagersmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-cigarette Polysubstance Vaping in Youth

Lyzwinski

Eisenberg

2022

Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions

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In recent years, electronic cigarettes (vaping products) have increasingly gained popularity among young adult and teenage consumers. Although e-cigarettes may be viewed as a viable replacement or harm reduction strategy in adult smokers, exposure of these products to minors and youth has public health consequences. This chapter discusses the rise in the use of electronic cigarettes, trends, and the problems with polysubstance use in teenage and young adult vapers. The gateway hypothesis is discussed in relation to smoking and initiation of downstream co-substance use in youth, with a particular emphasis on vaping nicotine and cannabis. The chapter covers the physical and mental health effects associated with vaping cannabis and nicotine in youth and offers intervention and policy recommendations.

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The Future of Substance Abuse Now: Relationships among Adolescent Use of Vaping Devices, Marijuana, and Synthetic Cannabinoids

Cited by 26 publications

References 77 publications

CT Findings and Patterns of e-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury

CT Findings and Patterns of e-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury

Cannabis Vaping Among Youth and Young Adults: a Scoping Review

E-cigarette Polysubstance Vaping in Youth

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