The Garden and the Red Barn: The Pervasive Pastoral and Its Environmental Consequences

Schauman, Sally

doi:10.2307/432256

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…For the most part, non-farm rural landowners have rejected Schauman's (1998) agrarianism in favour of ruralism, pastoralism, and emotional response. The idealised family farm has been largely replaced by a perception of the farmer as struggling, environmentally damaging, and economically focused, but the farm aesthetic is still valued.…”

Section: Discussion and Integrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

‘… Silver in the Stars and Gold in the Morning Sun’: Non-farm Rural Landowners' Motivations for Rural Living and Attachment to their Land

Milburn

Brown

2010

Landscape Research

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Studies have identified that, given the opportunity, the majority of North Americans would prefer to live in small towns and rural areas. This preference is based in aesthetic notions linked to landscape features, personal meaning, and perceptions. In order to understand how the growing non-farm rural landowner population will influence the rural landscape, this research explored the motivations of non-farm rural landowners for living in rural areas, and their perceptions of their property. It involved five preliminary focus groups with farm and non-farm landowners owning land in rural, urbanising rural, and urbanised rural areas, and four final focus groups. The research also included a survey of 944 landowners in Southern Ontario. People choose to live in rural areas because they are quiet, natural, open, private, and clean. In contrast, people chose to buy their properties for very practical reasons: location, cost, availability and quality of resources, and size. Results suggest that non-farm rural landowners prefer landscapes with trees and water, and landscape health, restorative benefits, and aesthetic quality are crucial. Associations with family, history, and activities provide the affective connection which supports ongoing efforts on their land.

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Section: Discussion and Integrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

‘… Silver in the Stars and Gold in the Morning Sun’: Non-farm Rural Landowners' Motivations for Rural Living and Attachment to their Land

Milburn

Brown

2010

Landscape Research

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“…In her study of our aesthetic taste for the pastoral, Sally Schauman suggests a useful analogy between farming and gardening (Schauman, 1998). Both practices involve cultivation of the land, and a potential result of this activity is a caring relationship towards the environment.…”

Section: The Human-nature Relationship and Industrial Agriculturementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, our taste and nostalgia for the pastoral encourage the maintenance and conservation of traditional farmsteads for aesthetic reasons as much as for our desire to preserve a certain way of life. Indeed, the aesthetic qualities of these farmlands-rolling green pastures, white clapboard farmhouses and red barns-carry meanings and associations of an appealing way of life few have access to these days (Schauman, 1998).…”

Section: The Human-nature Relationship and Industrial Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Aesthetics of Agricultural Landscapes and the Relationship between Humans and Nature

Brady

2006

Ethics, Place & Environment

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The continuum between nature and artefact is occupied by objects and environments that embody a relationship between natural processes and human activity. In this paper, I explore the relationship that emerges through human interaction with the land in the generation and aesthetic appreciation of industrial farming in contrast to more traditional agricultural practices. I consider the concept of a dialectical relationship and develop it in order to characterise the distinctive synthesising activity of humans and nature which underlies cultivated environments. I argue that a more harmonious relationship, and greater aesthetic value, may be located within traditional farming landscapes. This position is supported and illustrated through a discussion of two agricultural practices in the UK, hedge-laying and stonewalling.

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“…The aesthetic value of nature is usually typified by impressive landscapes, such as mountains, forests, and oceans, and interactions with those landscapes have positive effects on human health, including reduced levels of stress and depression (Keniger, Gaston, Irvine, & Fuller, ). Agricultural landscapes may also meet human needs for an appealing aesthetic (Milburn, Brown, & Mulley, ), as evidenced by the persistence of an idealized pastoral scene (Schaman, ). The health benefits of human interaction with nature also extend beyond natural areas, including rural agriculture settings, urban agriculture, and even greenhouses (Keniger et al., ; Uhlmann, Lin, & Ross, ), which is critical due to the high physical and mental health risks associated with farmers (Furey, O'Hora, McNamara, Kinsella, & Noone, ).…”

Section: How Do These Changes Affect Provision Of Ecosystem Services?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expansion of agriculture may leave aesthetic values intact to a certain extent, as humans often show a preference toward symmetry of managed fields (Milburn et al, 2010), although Klein et al (2015) reported that appeal of cropland increased with more diverse management (e.g., buffer strips). Nonetheless, the well-managed croplands that dominate the pastoral aesthetic, which is rooted in idealism rather than modern farm practices (Schaman, 1998), are only present during the growing season. Therefore, current land use changes, especially the absence of perennial vegetation, decrease frequency and length of the aesthetic and associated health benefits that these systems have provided in the past.…”

Section: Aesthetic Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

Cropping pattern changes diminish agroecosystem services in North and South Dakota, USA

et al. 2020

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In the past several decades, North and South Dakota have experienced increased agricultural expansion and crop rotation simplification, namely an increase in corn (Zea mays L.)– soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] systems. This review investigates the nature and extent of those changes, the underlying causes, and the consequences they have on ecosystem services. The framework of ecosystem services is underutilized in agricultural research, but it can be used to describe the sustainability, resistance, and resilience of the system in relation to these land use changes. The current trends are focused on maximizing provisioning services (i.e., food and fuel) at the expense of regulating, cultural, and supporting services. The decline of regulating services can be seen in increased peak river flow (up to 100% and 200% increases in South and North Dakota, respectively), as well as by the 100% increase in area treated by chemicals, partially due to diminished bioregulation of pests and weeds. The effects on supporting services are demonstrated by altered C balances and water cycling, while the loss of cultural connection to the land is evidenced by a 40% decrease in land conservation since 1997. Overall, these changes are making the land in North and South Dakota more susceptible to stressors, such as drought, crop pests, or even economic trends that could greatly harm these agroecosystems and have nationwide ramifications. To address these changes, producers need to provide a balance of agroecosystem services by optimizing currently available management strategies and possibly transforming agricultural practices for long‐term system stability.

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The Garden and the Red Barn: The Pervasive Pastoral and Its Environmental Consequences

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

‘… Silver in the Stars and Gold in the Morning Sun’: Non-farm Rural Landowners' Motivations for Rural Living and Attachment to their Land

‘… Silver in the Stars and Gold in the Morning Sun’: Non-farm Rural Landowners' Motivations for Rural Living and Attachment to their Land

The Aesthetics of Agricultural Landscapes and the Relationship between Humans and Nature

Cropping pattern changes diminish agroecosystem services in North and South Dakota, USA

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