The gas-particle distribution of organic aerosol constituents: Measurement of the volatilisation artefact in Hi-Vol cascade impactor sampling

Vaeck, Luc Van; Cauwenberghe, K. Van; Janssens, J.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(84)90117-3

Cited by 131 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This mass closure problem is thought to be caused by the loss of semivolatile OC. 20,21 The loss of NO 3 Ϫ mass on the Teflon filter was accounted for by the subsequent nylon filter in the three-stage filter pack. This additional mass of NO 3 Ϫ was added to the measured particle mass from the Teflon filter.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Identification of Atlanta Aerosol by Positive Matrix Factorization

Kim

Hopke

Edgerton

2003

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

372

223

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Data characterizing daily integrated particulate matter (PM) samples collected at the Jefferson Street monitoring site in Atlanta, GA, were analyzed through the application of a bilinear positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. A total of 662 samples and 26 variables were used for fine particle (particles Յ2.5 m in aerodynamic diameter) samples (PM 2.5 ), and 685 samples and 15 variables were used for coarse particle (particles between 2.5 and 10 m in aerodynamic diameter) samples (PM 10 -2.5 ). Measured PM mass concentrations and compositional data were used as independent variables. To obtain the quantitative contributions for each source, the factors were normalized using PMF-apportioned mass concentrations. For fine particle data, eight sources were identified: SO 4 2Ϫ -rich secondary aerosol (56%), motor vehicle (22%), wood smoke (11%), NO 3 Ϫ -rich secondary aerosol (7%), mixed source of cement kiln and organic carbon (OC) (2%), airborne soil (1%), metal recycling facility (0.5%), and mixed source of bus station and metal processing (0.3%). The SO 4 2Ϫ -rich and NO 3 Ϫ -rich secondary aerosols were associated with NH 4 ϩ . The SO 4 2Ϫ -rich secondary aerosols also included OC. For the coarse particle data, five sources contributed to the observed mass: airborne soil (60%), NO 3 Ϫ -rich secondary aerosol (16%), SO 4 2Ϫ

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Section: Sample Collection and Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Identification of Atlanta Aerosol by Positive Matrix Factorization

Kim

Hopke

Edgerton

2003

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

372

223

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“…Gas-phase concentrations have been determined from the material retained by the adsorbents. Since such sorbent beds follow filters, desorption of semi-volatile compounds from the particles on the filters, ie., negative particulatephase artifacts, (Pupp, et al, 1974;Della Fiorentina, et al, 1975;Van Vaeck, et al, 1984;Miguel and De Andrade, 1986) or adsorption of gases by the filter materials, i.e., positive particulate-phase artifacts, (Stevens, et al, 1980;Appel, et al, 1989;McDow and Huntzicker, 1990) can lead to incorrect measurements of gas-and particulate-phase concentrations. Considerable experimental (Della Fiorentina, et al, 1975;McDow and Huntzicker, 1990;Ligocki and Pankow, 1989;Storey and Pankow, 1992;Cotham and Bidleman, 1992) and theoretical effort (Junge, 1977;Pankow, 1987Pankow, , 1992 has been expended to understand and correct for these vaporization and condensation effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most phase distribution measurements have been made by determining concentrations of particulate-phase semi-volatile organic species from filters that are followed by adsorbents such as polyurethane foam (Yarnasaki, et al, 1982;Ligocki and Pankow, 1989;Cotham and Bidleman, 1992), macroreticular polymeric resin beads such as Tenax (Van Vaeck, et al, 1984), XAD-2 (Kaupp and Umlauf, 1992;Salomaa, et al, 1988) and et al,199 I), or a combination of adsorbents (Pankow, et al, 1994). Gas-phase concentrations have been determined from the material retained by the adsorbents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct determination of the phase distributions of semi-volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using annular denuders

Gundel

Lee

Mahanama

et al. 1995

Atmospheric Environment

188

122

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An annular denuder-based sampler, here called the integrated organic vaporlparticle sampler (IOVPS), has been developed for direct determination of both gaseous and particulate semivolatile organic species. The IOVPS uses a cyclone inlet for removal of particles greater than 2.5 micrometers (D5J from the airstream, followed by two or three sandblasted glass annular denuders coated with ground particles of an adsorbent resin. The denuders trap the gas phase species of interest before the airstream passes through a filter and a backup denuder. Extracts of the denuders and filters are analyzed for the semi-volatile species of interest. The IOVPS has been tested and validated for sampling semi-volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in indoor laboratory room air and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Ground XAD-4 was the adsorbent for these initial studies. Gas-and particulate-phase concentrations of semi-volatile PAH are presented for these two environments. The new sampler provides the means for directly determining phase distributions of PAH and other classes of semi-volatile organic species, rather than by difference or by techniques that are subject to large positive and negative artifacts.

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“…OC composition also influences the degree of SVOC volatilization. Van Vaeck et al (1984) reported a loss of SVOCs during high-volume particulate sampling with fiber filters, resulting in a loss of mass. High flows through a denuder system (Cui et al 1997;Eatough et al 1999) have also shown increased particle loss.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Volume PUF versus Low-Volume PUF Sampling Comparison for Collecting Gas Plus Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Ward

Smith

2004

Aerosol Science and Technology

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However, each 24 h Hi-vol PUF sample run provided enough material on which to conduct an SVOC analysis, avoiding the need to aggregate samples (or longer sampling periods) to meet analytical detection limits. In addition, the results presented here also raise important questions about the efficiency of existing PUF samplers (when using quartz filters and PUF sorbent media) in the accurate measurement of lower molecular weight particle and gas-phase SVOCs.

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The gas-particle distribution of organic aerosol constituents: Measurement of the volatilisation artefact in Hi-Vol cascade impactor sampling

Cited by 131 publications

References 28 publications

Source Identification of Atlanta Aerosol by Positive Matrix Factorization

Source Identification of Atlanta Aerosol by Positive Matrix Factorization

Direct determination of the phase distributions of semi-volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using annular denuders

High-Volume PUF versus Low-Volume PUF Sampling Comparison for Collecting Gas Plus Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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