The Gender Cliff in the Relative Contribution to the Household Income: Insights from Modelling Marriage Markets in 27 European Countries

Grow, André; Bavel, Jan Van

doi:10.1007/s10680-019-09547-8

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…An evaluative mechanism that relies on the feature lens is one possibility: Perhaps good earning capacity predicts romantic evaluations more strongly for women than for men, as predicted by sexual strategies theory (Buss & Schmitt, 1993). However, a second possibility (borne out by recent simulation work; Grow & Van Bavel, 2020) is that the gender cliff emerges if (a) good earning capacity predicts initial attraction equally strongly for both sexes (i.e., via the common lens), and (b) men outearn women on average, as they do in real life. According to Prediction #3 of MET, the second possibility is more likely than the first, especially in light of accumulating meta-analytic evidence that the Sex × Good Earning Capacity effect on romantic evaluations turns out to be very small ( q = .03; Eastwick, Luchies, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Further Speculations and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mate evaluation theory.

Eastwick¹,

Finkel²,

Joel³

2023

Psychological Review

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There are two unresolved puzzles in the literature examining how people evaluate mates (i.e., prospective or current romantic/sexual partners). First, compatibility is theoretically crucial, but attempts to explain why certain perceivers are compatible with certain targets have revealed small effects. Second, features of partners (e.g., personality, consensually rated attributes) affect perceivers' evaluations strongly in initial-attraction contexts but weakly in established relationships. Mate Evaluation Theory (MET) addresses these puzzles, beginning with the Social Relations Model postulate that all evaluative constructs (e.g., attraction, relationship satisfaction) consist of target, perceiver, and relationship variance. MET then explains how people draw evaluations from mates' attributes using four information sources: (a) shared evolved mechanisms and cultural scripts (common lens, which produces target variance); (b) individual differences that affect how a perceiver views all targets ( perceiver lens, which produces perceiver variance); (c) individual differences that affect how a perceiver views some targets, depending on the targets' features ( feature lens, which produces some relationship variance); and (d) narratives about and idiosyncratic reactions to one particular target (targetspecific lens, which produces most relationship variance). These two distinct sources of relationship variance (i.e., feature vs. target-specific) address Puzzle #1: Previous attempts to explain compatibility used feature lens information, but relationship variance likely derives primarily from the (understudied) target-specific lens. MET also addresses Puzzle #2 by suggesting that repeated interaction causes the target-specific lens to expand, which reduces perceivers' use of the common lens. We conclude with new predictions and implications at the intersection of the human-mating and person-perception literatures.

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Section: Further Speculations and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mate evaluation theory.

Eastwick¹,

Finkel²,

Joel³

2023

Psychological Review

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“…There is evidence in support of this theory for union formation and parental couples (e.g. Grow & Van Bavel, 2020). However, the empirical account of re-partnering is mixed.…”

Section: The Social Stratification Of Sex-differences In Re-partnerin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Sex Differences in Re-partnering for Sex Differences in Post-separation Fertility by Age 48: A Cohort Perspective

Andersson¹

2022

Preprint

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Individuals increasingly transition through more than one cohabiting relationship during their reproductive years. Therefore, births often occur after the dissolution of a first union. Previous research suggests that men and women differ in their re-partnering patterns, and has often found a re-partnering advantage for men. This study analysed the role of sex differences in re-partnering for sex differences in total fertility achieved after first union dissolution. We use Finnish register data to separately document all marital and cohabiting unions and all births which occur after the first union dissolution of four full birth cohorts up to age 48 for men and women. We decompose the sex difference in the summed fertility occurring after the first union dissolution up to age 48 into two parts: one rate component owing to sex differences in birth rates and a compositional component owing to sex differences in the share in re-partnered unions. On average, the post-dissolution fertility of women was higher than that of men. Women see a re-partnering advantage at early ages, while men have a re-partnering advantage at later ages. Tertiary educated men who dissolve a first childbearing union have higher post-dissolution fertility than their female counterparts and, for this group, a male ‘re-partnering advantage’ across the life course accounts for a substantial part of this sex difference.

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“…Second, individuals with more financial resources can better protect themselves from the negative effects of noise and odour annoyance because they can afford better housing (with better isolation) and are more likely to have political influence to prevent negative environmental changes around their home [41]. In general, women and older adults report lower levels of financial resources, e.g., they make fewer working hours due to part-time employment or retirement [49,50]. Furthermore, a higher education level increases the opportunities for good jobs with a higher income [47].…”

Section: Different Relationships Across Sociodemographic Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relative effects of self-reported noise and odour annoyance on psychological distress: Different effects across sociodemographic groups?

et al. 2021

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In earlier research, both higher levels of noise and odour annoyance have been associated with decreased mental health. Presumably, these perceptions can trigger feelings of threat and stress reactions and in turn evoke psychological distress. There are two important lacunas in the research on this topic: most studies only consider either noise or odour annoyance and not their relative effect on psychological distress and there is scarce evidence about whether different sociodemographic groups experience more psychological distress due to noise and odour annoyance. Starting from the diversity in the available coping resources and in their daily life patterns, we distinguish gender, age and educational level as relevant sociodemographic variables. Using data from the Health Monitor (n = 25236) in Noord-Brabant, we found using Ordinary Least Squares Regression that individuals that reported higher levels of noise and odour annoyance reported higher levels of psychological distress. Furthermore, the effect of noise annoyance was relatively stronger compared to that of odour annoyance. Regarding the interaction effects, we found that younger adults’ psychological distress was more strongly affected by noise annoyance compared to older adults, but not by odour annoyance. The psychological distress of individuals with no or primary education was more strongly affected by both noise and odour annoyance compared those with tertiary education, but not when compared to those who completed lower or higher secondary education. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find different effects between men and women. Though the evidence for the interactions was mixed, classic health inequalities along age and education lines are reinforced when considering the relationship between noise and odour annoyance and psychological distress.

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The Gender Cliff in the Relative Contribution to the Household Income: Insights from Modelling Marriage Markets in 27 European Countries

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Mate evaluation theory.

Mate evaluation theory.

The Role of Sex Differences in Re-partnering for Sex Differences in Post-separation Fertility by Age 48: A Cohort Perspective

The relative effects of self-reported noise and odour annoyance on psychological distress: Different effects across sociodemographic groups?

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