The gender mainstreaming gap: Security Council resolution 1325 and UN peacekeeping mandates

Kreft, Anne‐Kathrin

doi:10.1080/13533312.2016.1195267

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…CRSV elicits a "gendered" international response, that is, an activation of the Women, Peace and Security framework, which the disproportionate displacement of women, their particular vulnerability to poverty as a consequence of armed conflict, or their political marginalization-in the absence of a commensurate politicization-are incapable of producing to the same extent. Previous research findings that conflicts with prevalent SV are more likely to receive a peacekeeping operation (Kreutz and Cardenas 2017;Hultman and Johansson 2017) and that gender content in UN peace operation mandates is also more likely in such conflicts (Kreft 2017), are in line with our theory. In short, SV prompts gendered international responses.…”

Section: Crsv As a Trigger For International Pressuresupporting

confidence: 90%

Gendered Conflict, Gendered Outcomes: The Politicization of Sexual Violence and Quota Adoption

Agerberg

Kreft

2019

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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Sexual violence (SV) in conflict is increasingly politicized at both the international and domestic levels. Where SV in conflict is prevalent, we argue international actors perceive gender to be salient and push for a gendered response. Simultaneously, women mobilize politically in response to the threat to their security that conflict-related SV constitutes, making demands for greater representation in politics with the goal of improving societal conditions for themselves. Jointly, we theorize the pressures from above and below push governments in conflict-affected states toward adopting gender policies. We test this theoretical framework in the case of gender quota adoption. We find that states with prevalent wartime SV indeed adopt gender quotas sooner and at higher rates than states experiencing other civil conflicts and than states experiencing no conflict in the same period. These gender quotas, we further show, are not mere window dressing but actually increase women’s legislative representation.

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Section: Crsv As a Trigger For International Pressuresupporting

confidence: 90%

Gendered Conflict, Gendered Outcomes: The Politicization of Sexual Violence and Quota Adoption

Agerberg

Kreft

2019

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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“…The gendered nature of PSO has long been recognised (Smith and Skjelsbaek 2001;Stiehm 2001;Carey 2001;Mazurana, Raven-Roberts, and Parpart 2005). Since the landmark UN Security Council Resolution 1325 in October 2000, the UN has started gendermainstreaming its mandates, albeit selectively, through the Inter-agency Taskforce on Women, Peace and Security (established by the Inter-Agency Network on Women and Gender Equality [IANWGE]) and subsequent Security Council resolutions (Kreft 2017). Concurrently, scholarship, particularly feminist scholarship, has engaged critically with gendered aspects of conflict and PSO, building theoretical frameworks for the study of military masculinities (Kronsell 2012;Chinkin, Kaldor, and Yadav 2020;Duncanson 2015; Chisholm and Tidy 2017; Henry 2017; Henry 2019) and evaluating PSO policies and practice (Pruitt 2016;Higate 2007;Kronsell and Svedberg 2011;Jennings 2019).…”

Section: Gender and Psomentioning

confidence: 99%

‘They Were Going to the Beach, Acting like Tourists, Drinking, Chasing Girls’: A Mixed-Methods Study on Community Perceptions of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN Peacekeepers in Haiti

King

Lee

Bartels

2020

sta

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The United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) has been marred by reports of sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) perpetrated against local women/girls. However, there is very limited empirical evidence on the community's perceptions regarding these sexual interactions. Through a mixed-methods approach, this article examines community experiences and perceptions of SEA, with three prominent themes arising: peacekeepers as tourists, peacekeepers as sexual exploiters and abusers, and peacekeepers as ideal partners. Uruguayan (n = 107, 28.1 per cent) and Brazilian personnel (n = 83, 21.8 per cent) were most commonly named in SEA narratives. We explore how these perceptions of MINUSTAH peacekeepers undermine the purpose and legitimacy of UN peace support operations, and propose strategies to prevent and address peacekeeper-perpetrated SEA.

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“…While academics do not deny the urgent need to respond to CRSV, they have gathered much empirical evidence to demonstrate that reducing WPS to protection supports women's victimisation and passivity at the expense of women's agency (Hudson 2010;Kreft 2016). Kreft (2016: 23), for instance, analyses the gender components in 71 UN Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKOs), concluding that actors appear to turn to the prevalence of sexual violence in conflict for guidance in designing gender-mainstreamed peacekeeping mandates, which is harmful because, as important an issue as it is, sexual violence captures only one dimension of gendered conflict for women.…”

Section: The Pillars Of Implementation: the Narrow Focus On Violence mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Women, Peace and Security Agenda

O’Sullivan¹

2019

MV-CJIR

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The adoption of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on women, peace and security (WPS) in 2000 has prompted the development of an extensive WPS scholarship within the field of feminist International Relations. The dynamic scholarly debate is characterised by certain tensions between two feminist groups -the radical revolutionary one which advocates a redefinition of the global order and is more sceptical of the agenda, and the pragmatist one accentuating the compromise towards the existing peace and security governance. This article explores the two main subjects of the WPS research -the discourse and implementation, as they have been informed by the revolutionary and pragmatist approaches. The article shows that while the academic inquiries into the WPS discourse reveal disappointment with the compromises made regarding the revolutionary vision, this disappointment is also present in the literature on implementation. The latter literature nonetheless acknowledges feminist pragmatism as a way forward given the realities on the ground.

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The gender mainstreaming gap: Security Council resolution 1325 and UN peacekeeping mandates

Abstract: Akademisk avhandling för filosofie doktorsexamen i statsvetenskap som med tillstånd av samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten vid Göteborgs universitet framlägges till offentlig granskning fredagen den 14 juni 2019, kl. 13.

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Gendered Conflict, Gendered Outcomes: The Politicization of Sexual Violence and Quota Adoption

Gendered Conflict, Gendered Outcomes: The Politicization of Sexual Violence and Quota Adoption

‘They Were Going to the Beach, Acting like Tourists, Drinking, Chasing Girls’: A Mixed-Methods Study on Community Perceptions of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN Peacekeepers in Haiti

The Women, Peace and Security Agenda

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