The gender pay gap and son preference: evidence from India

Craigie, Terry‐Ann; Dasgupta, Shatanjaya

doi:10.1080/13600818.2017.1293629

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Income growth, poverty reduction, and increases in women's paid employment and wages may create additional pressure for valuing and investing in daughters. Localities with smaller gender pay gaps have lower levels of son preference (Craigie and Dasgupta 2017) and women who work for pay report less son preference (Behrman and Duvisac 2017). 11 Migration may also provide additional demographic pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Gendered Demographic Dividend: Adjusting to a Future without Sons

Allendorf¹

2020

Population & Development Rev

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Sonless families may pose a gendered demographic dividend. As fertility declines, families with only daughters are likely to grow. In turn, patriarchal family systems may weaken when many families are unable to engage in patriarchal practices. I examine some of these theorized dynamics in India. Sonless families did grow as fertility declined, reaching 10 percent in India as a whole in 2015 and approaching 20 percent in states with earlier fertility declines. I also identify a substantial influence of children's sex on mothers' expectations of old-age support. Using panel data from the India Human Development Survey, I compare women's expectations after they had children to earlier expectations when they did not yet have children. Women with sons kept or further embraced patriarchal expectations that a son would provide support. Sonless mothers largely gave up patriarchal expectations, turning to daughters or away from children altogether.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Gendered Demographic Dividend: Adjusting to a Future without Sons

Allendorf¹

2020

Population & Development Rev

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“…Being responsible for producing and raising sons, adult women are limited in their economic and life opportunities. In the labor market, research has shown that employers may perceive female employees as less productive than male employees, thus discouraging women's labor-force participation and raising the gender pay gap in China (Mu and Xie, 2016), India (Craigie and Dasgupta, 2017), and South Korea (Ma, 2014). Gender discrimination in the workplace may in turn perpetuate women's lower status and hence negatively affect their general health status.…”

Section: Conceptual Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Son preference and Chinese women's biological health risk in middle and older age: A life course study

Zou

Peng

2023

Chinese Journal of Sociology

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Son preference is a severe form of gender discrimination and can impair women's health. Drawing on retrospective data from a nationally representative sample, this life course study examines how experience of guardians’ son preference in childhood is associated with Chinese women's health in middle and older age. Using imbalanced sex ratio at birth at the prefecture level as a proxy, this study also examines the health implications of adulthood exposure to regional son preference. Our regression estimates show that childhood experience of the male guardian's son preference is associated with higher biological risks of developing systemic inflammation at the 2015 follow-up among middle-aged and older women who were disease-free at the 2011 baseline. In contrast, childhood experience of the female guardian's son preference is associated with lower risk of developing systemic inflammation or hypertension at the follow-up, conditional on being disease-free at the baseline. Adulthood exposure to stronger regional son preference is associated with higher risk of hypertension at the follow-up, independent of childhood experience of guardians’ son preference.

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“…This was a very encouraging trend as women were adding value to themselves and this younger section of the society would be more willing to join the workforce once their education was complete. A recent study by Craigie and Dasgupta (2017). also indicated the lowering of son preference among Indian parents as the investment of resources in the girl child were now yielding returns as the gender pay gap was shrinking.…”

Section: Participation Of Women In the Workforce And Educational Atta...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Pay Gap in India: A Reality and the Way Forward—An Empirical Approach Using Quantile Regression Technique

Sengupta

Puri

2021

Studies in Microeconomics

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There is a growing body of empirical work on gender studies that mostly focus on the gender-wise representation of individuals in different sectors. One such study is the wage gap attributed to gender. In this article, we have tried to focus on a detailed study of the gender wage gap in the Indian context. The study was carried out on the most recent Employment–Unemployment Survey carried out by NSS for the year 2012. The study was based on the personal characteristics as well as the characteristics of the job undertaken by the employees. Ordinary least square regression and linear quartile regression model were used for analysis. In our study we have come up with a few interesting determinants of wage inequality based mostly on the personal traits. For women, personal characteristic like age was highly significant determinant of wage whereas in case of men more industry specific determinants were significant. JEL Classifications: C01, C10, J16, J31

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The gender pay gap and son preference: evidence from India

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Another Gendered Demographic Dividend: Adjusting to a Future without Sons

Another Gendered Demographic Dividend: Adjusting to a Future without Sons

Son preference and Chinese women's biological health risk in middle and older age: A life course study

Gender Pay Gap in India: A Reality and the Way Forward—An Empirical Approach Using Quantile Regression Technique

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