The Gendered “Nature” of the Urban Outdoors

Wesely, Jennifer K.; Gaarder, Emily

doi:10.1177/0891243204268127

Cited by 119 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Gender is also the strongest determinant of perceived risk and important predicator of fear of crime (Ferraro, 1995; Snedker, 2010). Fear of crime often leads to changes in behavior, and researchers note that fear of crime’s restrictive consequences are greater for women (Gordon & Riger, 1989; Madriz, 1997; Scott, 2003; Stanko, 1990; Wesely & Gaarder, 2004). Fear and violence against women and the resulting behavioral changes which largely burden women reflect larger societal gender inequality (Meyer & Post, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the Gender Gap in Fear of Crime

Snedker

2011

Feminist Criminology

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In the fear of crime literature, there is a consensus that women consistently report higher levels of fear. I examine how men and women assess their risks in light of prior experience, the environmental conditions that signal risk, and perceived personal vulnerability to provide a more thorough account of the gender disparity. Findings from in-depth interviews with New York City residents suggest that subjective evaluations of vulnerability are strong indicators of fear of crime for men and women. Furthermore, qualitative data reveal that gender assessments of vulnerability are related to issues of socialization, social learning processes and notions of effective agency. Little evidence supports fear of rape as the driving force behind perceived vulnerability for women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the Gender Gap in Fear of Crime

Snedker

2011

Feminist Criminology

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“…though this percentage difference has declined over the years, there are usually more men than women in the races [16]. in addition, the increasing female participation in trail running is related to social and safety reasons [20] because women feel safer in outdoor activities when these are conducted in a group [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The profile of demographics, training habits, and health of recreational trail runners: a comparative study among different distances

Molz¹

2021

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. Despite considerable growth of trail runners' population, little is known about the demographics, training habits, and health characteristics of recreational trail runners. thus, the aim of this study was to describe the demographics, training habits, and health characteristics of recreational trail runners as compared between different distances of Circuito trilhas & Montanhas. Methods. the descriptive transversal study involved 167 trail runners of Circuito trilhas & Montanhas. A questionnaire concerning trail-running practice was applied and the chosen route (short/medium/long) was recorded. Results. the trail runners were mostly young athletes (40 years old, 51.5%), males (66.5%), bachelors (56.3%), and married or in a committed relationship (58.1%). Most of the long distance trail runners were significantly more experienced (p = 0.001; = 0.230), ran 10-20 km per training (p < 0.001; = 0.535), participated in club sport (p = 0.004; = 0.257), and used safety equipment (p = 0.011; = 0.233) compared with the other distances. the chosen course was not associated with the health status (p = 0.385), but the presence of diseases was significantly reported by most of the short distance trail runners (p = 0.023; = 0.213). Conclusions. the recreational trail runners participating in this study are predominantly young, well-educated, and married. Most long distance trail runners were more experienced, ran average distances per training, participated in club sport, and used safety equipment compared with the other distances. Moreover, trail runners with any diseases ran in short distances.

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“…), rather than from burglary or attack. This contrasts with Bihar, but also with urban areas in the UK, where fear of attack broadly and for women specifically are generally more prevalent (Pain, ; Wesely & Gaarder, ). Such findings may be explained by the lower levels of fear of crime that have existed in rural UK, even though rural fear of crime is increasing (Pain, ).…”

Section: Comparing Rural Lightscapes In India and The Ukmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming rural light and dark under planetary urbanisation: Comparing ordinary countrysides in India and the UK

Kumar

Shaw

2019

Trans Inst British Geog

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Contemporary global lightscapes are becoming increasingly complex and varied, creating an unusual geography of technological development and diffusion that defies many easy narratives of global interconnectivity. Specifically, new LED lighting technologies are being created through rural experimentation in both Global North and Global South. This makes lighting, and darkness, an interesting lens through which to intervene in debates on the relationship between city, countryside, and planet, specifically addressing the theoretical developments of comparative urbanism and planetary urbanisation. Heading calls to develop conceptual material from both Global North and Global South, we use case studies from Bihar (India) and the North Pennines (UK) to argue that the changing lighting technologies and practices show how “ordinary countrysides” are contributing to new planetary ways of living. We argue that while there are differences in how darkness and the implementation of artificial lighting are perceived in these sites, there are similarities that reveal an ongoing rural form of planetary living, outside the claims of urbanisation. Particularly, rural lives are marked by a closer connection to the planet, as expressed through experiences of rural darkness. Furthermore, in both sites the tenuous grasp on infrastructure and state services seems to reveal a shared rural experience. These findings suggest shared rural experiences of globalisation, but that the socio‐spatial contexts of places remain important in understanding their location within global systems. Furthermore, we join recent calls to suggest that further exploration of the difference between “global” and “planetary” might add nuance to theoretical trends in urban studies, rural studies, and geography.

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The Gendered “Nature” of the Urban Outdoors

Cited by 119 publications

References 22 publications

Explaining the Gender Gap in Fear of Crime

Explaining the Gender Gap in Fear of Crime

The profile of demographics, training habits, and health of recreational trail runners: a comparative study among different distances

Transforming rural light and dark under planetary urbanisation: Comparing ordinary countrysides in India and the UK

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