The General Assessment of Personality Disorder (GAPD) as an Instrument for Assessing the Core Features of Personality Disorders

Berghuis, Han; Kamphuis, Jan H.; Verheul, Roel; Larstone, Roseann; Livesley, John

doi:10.1002/cpp.1811

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is not surprising as the parent measures were designed to have multiple dimensions. Furthermore, although single dimensions of personality pathology are clinically useful (Bornstein, 1998; 2006; 2011; Hopwood et al, 2011; Tyrer & Johnson, 1996) multiple underlying dimensions of personality pathology have been theorized (Beck, Freeman, Davis, & Associates, 2004; Kernberg, 1984; Livesley, 1998; Luyten & Blatt, 2011; Pincus & Hopwood, 2012) and identified empirically (Berghuis et al, in press; Parker et al, 2004). The features of personality pathology most often parse into two broad factors, one reflecting self-concept, agentic behavior, and the ability “to get ahead”, and the other reflecting interpersonal relatedness, communal behavior, and the ability “to get along”.…”

Section: The Proposed Dsm-5 Definition Of Personality Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interpersonal Core of Personality Pathology

Hopwood¹,

Wright

Ansell³

et al. 2013

Journal of Personality Disorders

235

215

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that personality pathology is, at its core, fundamentally interpersonal. We review the proposed DSM-5 Section 3 redefinition of personality pathology involving self and interpersonal dysfunction, which we regard as a substantial improvement over the DSM-IV (and DSM-5 Section 2) definition. We note similarities between the proposed scheme and contemporary interpersonal theory and interpret the DSM-5 Section 3 definition using the underlying assumptions and evidence base of the interpersonal paradigm in clinical psychology. We describe how grounding the proposed DSM-5 Section 3 definition in interpersonal theory, and in particular a focus on the “interpersonal situation”, adds to its theoretical texture, empirical support, and clinical utility. We provide a clinical example that demonstrates the ability of contemporary interpersonal theory to augment the DSM-5 definition of personality pathology. We conclude with directions for further research that could clarify the core of personality pathology, and how interpersonal theory can inform research aimed at enhancing the DSM-5 Section 3 proposal and ultimately justify its migration to DSM-5 Section 2.

show abstract

Section: The Proposed Dsm-5 Definition Of Personality Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interpersonal Core of Personality Pathology

Hopwood¹,

Wright

Ansell³

et al. 2013

Journal of Personality Disorders

235

215

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The study used a Dutch translation of the GAPD approved by the original author. The 142‐item Dutch version of the GAPD demonstrated favourable psychometric properties in a mixed psychiatric sample . This study used aggregated scores of the former 142‐item version of the GAPD in the psychiatric patient group (PD and non‐PD) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SCID-II was used to assess PD in the sample of psychiatric patients. Other psychiatric disorders were diagnosed and classified clinically, 24 This study used aggregated scores of the former 142-item version of the GAPD in the psychiatric patient group (PD and non-PD). 24 In the convenience sample, the present study used the latest version of the GAPD, i.e.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the General Assessment of PD (GAPD)) . For low self‐directedness, the GAPD distinguishes three subscales: (1) lack of autonomy and agency, (2) LMPD in life and (3) difficulty setting and attaining rewarding goals . The second subscale, LMPD, is relevant for the present study and contains items that are similar to other meaning‐in‐life self‐report questionnaires, such as the Purpose in Life scale, the Life Regard Index or the Meaning in Life Questionnaire …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 For low self-directedness, the GAPD distinguishes three subscales: (1) lack of autonomy and agency, (2) LMPD in life and (3) difficulty setting and attaining rewarding goals. 24,25 The second subscale, LMPD, is relevant for the present study and contains items that are similar to other meaning-in-life self-report questionnaires, such as the Purpose in Life scale, 26 the Life Regard Index 27 or the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. 28 The frequently used Purpose in Life scale has a broader range, including affective aspects of meaning in life, 2,26 and the Life Regard Index also has items on fulfilment of meaning in life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lack of meaning, purpose and direction in life in personality disorder: A comparative quantitative approach using Livesley's General Assessment of Personality Disorder

Steen

Berghuis

Braam

2019

Personality & Mental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Meaning in life is a motivational force and an existential theme for many people. The concept of meaning comprises purpose, comprehension and mattering. According to the Section III model of personality disorder (DSM‐5), lack of meaning, purpose and direction in life is part of personality dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine the association between personality disorder (PD), personality dysfunction and ‘lack of meaning, purpose and direction’ as a distinct facet of personality dysfunction, using Livesley's self‐report questionnaire—the General Assessment of Personality Disorder. This comparative quantitative study showed significant differences in lack of meaning, purpose and direction between a group of patients with PD (n = 126, PD with depression n = 51 and PD without depression n = 75), a group of non‐PD patients (n = 76, with depression n = 27 and without depression n = 49) and a control group (n = 444). The PD groups had similar scores as the non‐PD patients with depression. Lack of meaning was significantly associated with ‘difficulty setting and attaining goals’ in all groups, with ‘lack of affiliative relationships’ in the PD groups and ‘sense of inner emptiness’ in the PD group without depression and in controls. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Differentiating normal and disordered personality using the General Assessment of Personality Disorder (GAPD)

Hentschel¹,

Livesley

2012

Personality & Mental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Criteria to differentiate personality disorder from extremes of normal personality variations are important given growing interest in dimensional classification because an extreme level of a personality dimension does not necessarily indicate disorder. The DSM-5 proposed classification of personality disorder offers a definition of general personality disorder based on chronic interpersonal and self/identity pathology. The ability of this approach to differentiate personality disorder from other mental disorders was evaluated using a self-report questionnaire, the General Assessment of Personality Disorder (GAPD). This measure was administered to a sample of psychiatric patients (N = 149) from different clinical sub-sites. Patients were divided into personality disordered and non-personality disordered groups on the basis of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II). The results showed a hit rate of 82% correct identified patients and a good accuracy of the predicted model. There was a substantial agreement between SCID-II interview and GAPD personality disorder diagnoses. The GAPD appears to predict personality disorder in general, which provides support of the DSM-5 general diagnostic criteria of personality disorder.

show abstract

The General Assessment of Personality Disorder (GAPD) as an Instrument for Assessing the Core Features of Personality Disorders

Cited by 33 publications

References 58 publications

The Interpersonal Core of Personality Pathology

The Interpersonal Core of Personality Pathology

Lack of meaning, purpose and direction in life in personality disorder: A comparative quantitative approach using Livesley's General Assessment of Personality Disorder

Differentiating normal and disordered personality using the General Assessment of Personality Disorder (GAPD)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About