The General Belongingness Scale (GBS): Assessing achieved belongingness

Malone, Glenn P.; Pillow, David R.; Osman, Augustine

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.027

Cited by 311 publications

(263 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There are studies which supported this notion in the literature. Studies showed that there is a significant negative association between loneliness and belongingness (4,25,26,43) and life satisfaction (26,43,44). Since the significant associations between loneliness and belongingness and life satisfaction were supported by research and theoretical explanations are in line with this, it has been accepted that scales measuring belongingness and life satisfaction can be used as criterion validity measures for loneliness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) to Turkish for the Adolescents

Yıldız¹,

Duy²

2014

Dusunen Adam

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Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) to Turkish for the Adolescents Objective: The purpose of this study is to adapt short form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) to Turkish and investigate the validity and reliability of the scale for Turkish adolescents. Method:The participants in this study were 293 high school students aged between 14 and 19. Among the participants 110 (37.5%) were male, 183 (62.5%) were female and mean age was found to be 15.85 (SS=1.20).Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the construct validity of the scale. In order to check criterion validity of Turkish version of the ULS-8 scale, the General Belongingness Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale were used. For reliability of Turkish version of the ULS-8, average variance extracted (AVE), composit reliability, Cronbach alpha level and test-retest correlation were computed.Results: The factor analysis resulted in one factor. Factor loadings of the items varied between 0.31 and 0.71.All of the fit indices indicated a good-fit model for the ULS-8. Criterion-related validity analysis revealed that there were significant relationships between loneliness and the general belongingness (r=-0.71), life satisfaction (r=-0.42). The results also showed that internal consistency coefficients of the factors were highly satisfactory for whole scale α=0.74. Test-retest reliability scales was found to be (r=0.84, p<0.001) on a sample of 64 high school students in a period of two weeks. Conclusion:Findings suggested that the Turkish version of the ULS-8 was found a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The General Belongingness Scale (GBS): GBS, which was developed by Malone et al (25), is a Likerttype self-report to evaluate general belongingness level of individuals. GBS has two factors named "acceptance/ inclusion and rejection/exclusion".…”

Section: Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) to Turkish for the Adolescents

Yıldız¹,

Duy²

2014

Dusunen Adam

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“…The scale reports high levels of reliability and validity (Malone, Pillow and Osman, 2012) and has been shown to have an internal consistency of α=.95 (Cockshaw, Shochet and Obst, 2013). Previous exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis has revealed that the 12 items fall into a two factor structure, acceptance/inclusion and rejection/exclusion which enables participants to report a sense of belonging to the extent that they feel both included and excluded (Malone, Pillow and Osman, 2012). Responses are recorded on a five point Likert scale ranging from one (strongly agree) to five (strongly disagree).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of social capital and community belongingness for exercise adherence: An exploratory study of the CrossFit gym model

2016

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This is the first study to measure the 'sense of community' reportedly offered by the CrossFit gym model.A cross-sectional study adapted Social Capital and General Belongingness scales to compare perceptions of a CrossFit gym and a traditional gym. CrossFit gym members reported significantly higher levels of social capital (both bridging and bonding) and community belongingness compared with traditional gym members. However, regression analysis showed neither social capital, community belongingness, nor gym type were independent predictors of gym attendance. Exercise and health professionals may benefit from evaluating further the 'sense of community' offered by gym-based exercise programmes. KeywordsCommunity health psychology, social capital, exercise behaviour, physical activity, social support.

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“…The General Belongingness Scale (GBS), developed by Malone et al (2012), is a Likert-type self-evaluation scale used in order to determine individuals' levels of general belongingness. GBS has two subscales: acceptance/inclusion and lack of rejection/exclusion.…”

Section: General Belongingness Scale (Gbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other studies, on the other hand, significant-level relationships were found in life satisfaction and subjective well-being to attachment (Akbağ & Ümmet, 2013;Deniz & Işık, 2010;Eken, 2010;Jiang, Huebner, & Hills, 2013;Lecce, 2008;Ma & Huebner, 2008;Özer, 2009;Özdemir & Koruklu, 2013;Wei, Liao, Ku, & Shaffer, 2010;Yıldız, 2014). However, negatively significant relationships were found between loneliness and general belongingness (Malone, Pillow, & Osman, 2012;Mellor et al, 2008;Yıldız, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial Multiple Mediation of General Belongingness and Life Satisfaction in the Relationship Between Attachment and Loneliness in Adolescents

Yıldız

2016

EDUC SCI-THEOR PRACT

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The current research aims to investigate the serial-multiple mediation of general belongingness and life satisfaction in the relationship between loneliness and attachment to parents and peers in adolescents.The participants of the research consisted of 218 high school students (F = 126, 57.8%; M = 92, 42.2%).Age of the participants' ranged between 14 and 18 with a mean of 15.84 (SD = 1.42). Instruments in the current research included the Personal Information Form, Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, UCLA Loneliness Scale, General Belongingness Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, ordinary least-squares regression analysis, and bootstrap method. Based on the research findings, the serial-multiple mediation of general belongingness and life satisfaction in the relationship between loneliness and attachment to parents and peers was found to be statistically significant. Findings of the study were discussed under the light of relevant literature, and some suggestions were made for future studies.

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The General Belongingness Scale (GBS): Assessing achieved belongingness

Cited by 311 publications

References 18 publications

Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) to Turkish for the Adolescents

Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) to Turkish for the Adolescents

The role of social capital and community belongingness for exercise adherence: An exploratory study of the CrossFit gym model

Serial Multiple Mediation of General Belongingness and Life Satisfaction in the Relationship Between Attachment and Loneliness in Adolescents

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