Abstract-By inserting a dielectric layer, covered by a grounded metal plane, into a hollow rectangular waveguide (HRWG), a planar rectangular waveguide (PRWG) is structured. It is a new candidate solution for both MMIC and hybrid planar RF circuit applications. An intensive numerical analysis of the PRWG is conducted by a 2-D FDTD method. The propagation characteristics of the PRWG with different physical dimensions and electrical parameters are presented. This analysis shows that the PRWG can give an alterable single mode working bandwidth for dominant mode compared with the HRWG, and the size of the transverse section of the PRWG is smaller than the HRWG under the same cutoff frequency of dominant mode.