The genetic analysis of barley storage proteins

Shewry, Peter R.; Faulks, Audrey J.; Pickering, R. A.; Jones, I. T.; Finch, Robert A.; Miflin, B. J.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1980.35

Cited by 96 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The storage proteins of the barley endosperm, B-, C-and D-hordein are coded for by three separate loci on chromosome 5, Hor2, Horl and Hor3, respectively (2,15,27,28). C-hordein can be separated by SDS-PAGE into 5 polypeptides, C 1 to C5, with molecular sizes from 48 to 67 kD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones for C-hordein polypeptides

Rasmussen

Brandt

1986

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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Two partial cDNA clones, pc horl-3 and pc-919, encoding the carboxyterminal portion of two different C-hordein polypeptides have been sequenced, pc horl-3 can be translated into a frame of 74 amino acids, part of which is identical to the amino acid sequence of a C-hordein chymotryptic peptide. The 3' non-coding region is 174 nucleotides in length and extends to the polyadenylation site. The region has two putative polyadenylation signals, AATAAA, located 27 and 80 nucleotides upstream from the poly(A)-tail. Three RNA species, 1800, 2100 and 4300 bases in length, can be detected in the endosperm using pc hor 1-3 as probe. These could code for C-hordein polypeptides of 48, 67 and 144 kD, respectively. Hybridization of pc hor1-3 to restriction endonuclease fragments of nuclear barley DNA suggests that 6-8 genes code for the C-hordein polypeptides.The nucleotide sequence of the second cDNA clone, pc-919, can be translated into 64 amino acids, of which the 22 carboxyterminal amino acid residues are identical to the carboxyterminal reading frame encoded by pc horl-3. The adjacent 42 amino acid long reading frame shows homology to that deduced from pc hor 1-3, but the nucleotide sequence is different and highly homologous to the 5' coding sequence found in a B-hordein genomic clone. Hybridization using this part of pc-919 as a probe detects RNAs of 1200 and 1400 bases only. Thus pc-919 represents a gene containing sequences related to both Hor 1 and the Hor2 locus, and is the first nucleotide sequence data giving evidence that the two loci are related.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones for C-hordein polypeptides

Rasmussen

Brandt

1986

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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“…Solari and Favret (1971) located a number of loci controlling hordein polypeptides in a segment of chromosome 5. More recent work (Oram et al 1975;Shewry et al 1978Shewry et al , 1980Netsvetaev 1978;Sozinov et al 1978;Dolí and Brown 1979;Jensen et al 1980) has led to the characterization of two complex loci, Horl and Hor2, which encode C and B-hordeins, respectively, and are located in the short arm of chromosome 5. Lawrence and Shepherd (1981), using wheat-barley addition and translocation lines, located the gene for D-hordein in the long arm of the same chromosome, a finding which has been fully confirmed with the characterization of the Hor3 locus by Shewry et al (1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of CM-proteins (A-hordeins) in barley

Salcedo¹,

Fra-Mon²,

Molina-Cano³

et al. 1984

Theoret. Appl. Genetics

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“…Hordein, the lysine poor storage protein of the barley endosperm, is coded for by genes in three loci on chromosome 5, Hor-l, Hor-2 and Hor-3 (1,23,37,38,40,41). The Hor-1 and the Hor-2 loci consist of a number of closely related genes (27,33) and there are indications that the expression of these genes are under separate regulatory control (12,30,32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen nutrition on the amount of hordein, protein Z and β-amylase messenger RNA in developing endosperms of barley

Giese

Hopp

1984

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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Keywords: H o r d e u m vulgare L. cv. Bomi, m u t a n t Riso 56, c D N A , storage proteins, molecular hybridization, liquid culture of spikes, p r o l a m i n , grain filling, high-lysine m u t a n t , a l b u m i n , lysine-rich proteins, i m m u n o a f f i n i t y isolation, in vitro protein synthesisThe amount ofmRNA encoding hordein, protein Z and !3-amylase was analyzed in developing endosperms of the barley variety Bomi and the high-lysine mutant Riso 56. Spikes were cultured in liquid media containing different amounts of ammonium nitrate and endosperms harvested between 15 and 25 days after anthesis. Levels of mRNA were determined by in vitro translations. In addition, B hordein and protein Z mRNA species were titrated by molecular hybridization to cDNAs encoding B hordein and protein Z polypeptides, respectively. Increasing amounts ofmRNAs were found in response to increasing nitrogen application. The amount of mRNA for C hordein and protein Z increased linearly with increasing nitrogen concentrations in the medium, whereas the rise in IS-amylase mRNA was slight. A concentration of 0.5 gxl -~ nitrogen stimulated the transcription ofB hordein mRNA, but further increases of nitrogen supply up to 2 g• -~ resulted in little additional B hordein mRNA production. At high nitrogen levels C hordein and protein Z mRNA are preferentially transcribed whereby these proteins serve as major nitrogen sinks. Hordein and protein Z mRNA are effectively augmented by application of nitrogen after the onset of grain filling and storage protein synthesis. Removal of nitrogen in the medium during grain filling led to a short term decrease in the amounts of these mRNAs. Thus it is possible to modulate the mRNA levels by changing the nitrogen concentration in the medium. The absence of mRNA for B hordein polypeptides in the high-lysine mutant Riso 56, (hor 2 ca ), does not influence the effect of nitrogen on the expression of the C hordein, protein Z and [5-amylase genes.Abbreviations: cDNA = DNA complementary to mRNA; SDS-PAGE = sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis;Tm = melting temperature of the DNA Springer-Verlag

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The genetic analysis of barley storage proteins

Cited by 96 publications

References 8 publications

Nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones for C-hordein polypeptides

Nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones for C-hordein polypeptides

Genetics of CM-proteins (A-hordeins) in barley

Influence of nitrogen nutrition on the amount of hordein, protein Z and β-amylase messenger RNA in developing endosperms of barley

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