The genetic differentiation of a cricket (<i>Velarifictorus micado</i>) with two modes of life cycle in East Asia after the middle Pleistocene and the invasion origin of the United States of America

Wang, Baiqiu; Li, Kai; He, Zhu-Qing

doi:10.1002/ece3.6967

Cited by 2 publications

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“…It may split reproductive times after geographic separation as an allopatric mode or it may open for a sympatric mode to play without geographic isolation. It is tempting to assume that the latter case may lead to sympatric speciation as in H. cunea ( Takeda, 2005 ; Yang et al, 2017a , Yang et al, 2017b ) and possibly in the Japanese burrowing cricket ( Velarifictorus micado ) ( He and Takeda, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2020 ). Indeed, pleiotropy, disruptive selection, the presence of polymorphic intermediates, and assortative mating may help sympatric speciation without allopatric segregation when the number of loci involved is <10 ( Maynard Smith, 1966 ; Forrest and Miller-Rushing, 2010 ); otherwise, evolutionary novelties are not maintained in the population.…”

Section: Consequences Of Differentiation In Circadian and Seasonal Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dopman’s group conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses and identified differentiations including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several circadian genes, endocrine genes, pheromone genes ( Glover et al, 1992 ; Dopman et al, 2004 , 2010 ), and life-cycle trait genes such as cry and per ( Levy et al, 2015 ; Kozak et al, 2017 , Kozak et al, 2019 ). We have identified several SNPs in per between two closely related species, H. cunea and Velarifictorus crickets, which mutually interbreed and lay viable offspring but have different life cycles ( He and Takeda, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2020 ). The extent of differentiations is much greater in the Asiatic corn borer, the Ostrinia species complex which allows morphologically identifiable determination such as O. furnacalis , O. scapulalis , and O. zaguliaevi ; however, North American Ostrinia species have probably followed a similar differentiation path.…”

Section: Consequences Of Differentiation In Circadian and Seasonal Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circadian and Neuroendocrine Basis of Photoperiodism Controlling Diapause in Insects and Mites: A Review

Takeda

Suzuki

2022

Front. Physiol.

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The photoperiodic system is concealed in the highly complex black-box, comprising four functional subunits: 1) a photo/thermo-sensitive input unit, 2) a photoperiodic clock based on a circadian system, 3) a condenser unit counting the number of inductive signals, and 4) a neuroendocrine switch that triggers a phenotypic shift. This review aims to summarize the research history and current reach of our understanding on this subject to connect it with the molecular mechanism of the circadian clock rapidly being unveiled. The review also focuses on the mode of intersubunit information transduction. It will scan the recent advancement in research on each functional subunit, but special attention will be given to the circadian clock–endocrine conjunct and the role of melatonin signaling in the regulation of insect photoperiodism. Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) probably plays the most crucial role in the regulation of pupal diapause, which is the simplest model system of diapause regulation by hormones investigated so far, particularly in the Chinese oak silkmoth (Antheraea pernyi). A search for the trigger to release the PTTH found some candidates, that is, indoleamines. Indolamine metabolism is controlled by arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (aaNAT). Indolamine dynamics and aaNAT enzymatic activity changed according to photoperiods. aaNAT activity and melatonin content in the brain showed not only a photoperiodic response but also a circadian fluctuation. aaNAT had multiple E-boxes, suggesting that it is a clock-controlled gene (ccg), which implies that cycle (cyc, or brain–muscle Arnt-like 1 = Bmal1)/Clock (Clk) heterodimer binds to E-box and stimulates the transcription of aaNAT, which causes the synthesis of melatonin. RNAi against transcription modulators, cyc, or Clk downregulated aaNAT transcription, while RNAi against repressor of cyc/Clk, per upregulated aaNAT transcription. Immunohistochemical localization showed that the circadian neurons carry epitopes of melatonin-producing elements such as aaNAT, the precursor serotonin, HIOMT, and melatonin as well as clock gene products such as cyc-ir, Per-ir, and dbt-ir, while PTTH-producing neurons juxtaposed against the clock neurons showed hMT2-ir in A. pernyi brain. Melatonin probably binds to the putative melatonin receptor (MT) that stimulates Ca2+ influx, which in turn activates PKC. This induces Rab 8 phosphorylation and exocytosis of PTTH, leading to termination of diapause. All the PTTH-expressing neurons have PKC-ir, and Rab8-ir. When diapause is induced and maintained under short days, serotonin binding to 5HTR1B suppresses PTTH release in a yet unknown way. RNAi against this receptor knocked out photoperiodism; short day response is blocked and diapause was terminated even under the short day condition. The result showed that a relatively simple system controls both induction and termination in pupal diapause of A. pernyi: the circadian system regulates the transcription of aaNAT as a binary switch, the enzyme produces a melatonin rhythm that gates PTTH release, and 5HTR1B and MT are probably also under photoperiodic regulation. Finally, we listed the remaining riddles which need to be resolved, to fully understand this highly complex system in future studies.

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Section: Consequences Of Differentiation In Circadian and Seasonal Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences Of Differentiation In Circadian and Seasonal Ti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian and Neuroendocrine Basis of Photoperiodism Controlling Diapause in Insects and Mites: A Review

Takeda

Suzuki

2022

Front. Physiol.

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“…In “The genetic differentiation of a cricket ( Velarifictorus micado ) with two modes of life cycle in East Asia after the middle Pleistocene and the invasion origin of the United States of America”, which was published in volume 10 issue 24, December 2020, the errors detailed below were identified. These have been corrected in the online versions of the article, and they do not affect the overall conclusions.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Corrigendum

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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In "The genetic differentiation of a cricket (Velarifictorus micado) with two modes of life cycle in East Asia after the middle Pleistocene and the invasion origin of the United States of America", which was published in volume 10 issue 24, December 2020, the errors detailed below were identified. These have been corrected in the online versions of the article, and they do not affect the overall conclusions.

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The genetic differentiation of a cricket (Velarifictorus micado) with two modes of life cycle in East Asia after the middle Pleistocene and the invasion origin of the United States of America

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 2 publications

References 93 publications

Circadian and Neuroendocrine Basis of Photoperiodism Controlling Diapause in Insects and Mites: A Review

Circadian and Neuroendocrine Basis of Photoperiodism Controlling Diapause in Insects and Mites: A Review

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